Thanom Kittikachorn, Thai field marshal and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Thailand (died 2004)

Thanom Kittikachorn was Prime Minister of Thailand from 1963 to 1973, military officer, who supported and initiated military coups and became Thailand's defence minister. He rose to power when he staged a self-coup, until public protests which exploded into violence forced him to step down. His return from exile in 1976 sparked protests which led to a massacre of demonstrators, followed by a military coup.

The prime minister of Thailand is the head of government of Thailand. The prime minister is also the chair of the cabinet of Thailand. The post has existed since the Siamese Revolution of 1932, when the country became a constitutional monarchy. Prior to the 2014 coup d'état, the prime minister was nominated by a vote in the Thai House of Representatives by a simple majority, and is then appointed and sworn in by the King of Thailand. The house's selection is usually based on the fact that either the prime minister is the leader of the largest political party in the lower house or the leader of the largest coalition of parties. In accordance with the 2017 Constitution, the Prime Minister can hold the office for no longer than eight years, consecutively or not. Paetongtarn Shinawatra was appointed Prime Minister of Thailand on 16 August 2024 following the Constitutional Court's ruling that terminated Srettha Thavisin’s premiership due to the unlawful appointment of an unqualified minister, Phichit Chuenban. In July 2025, her own premiership was challenged after an audio recording of her conversation with Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen regarding a border closure was leaked, prompting a petition to the Constitutional Court. On 1 July 2025, the court ordered her to suspend duties pending a decision. During the interim, Deputy Prime Minister Suriya Juangroongruangkit served as acting Prime Minister, as the first-ranking Deputy Prime Minister, Phumtham Wechayachai, had not yet received formal royal endorsement. Upon his swearing-in on 3 July 2025, Phumtham assumed the role of acting Prime Minister.