A freak storm triggered a series of avalanches that buried more than 3.5 km (2.2 mi) of road near the Salang Tunnel in Afghanistan, killing 175 people and trapping more than 2,500 travellers.
The Irish-bred race horse Shergar was stolen by gunmen, who demanded a £2 million ransom.
Law enforcement officers in Orangeburg, South Carolina (pictured), fired into a crowd of college students who were protesting segregation, killing three and injuring twenty-seven others.
After taking evasive action to avoid a mid-air collision just after taking off from New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport, Eastern Air Lines Flight 663 crashed into the Atlantic Ocean, killing all 84 people on board.
The official groundbreaking of the Walk of Fame took place in Hollywood, Los Angeles, in California.
The closing ceremony of the first Olympics held after World War II was held in St. Moritz, Switzerland.
Gee Jon became the first person in the United States to be executed by lethal gas.
William D. Boyce (pictured) established the Boy Scouts of America, expanding the Scout Movement into the United States.
Angered by a controversial umpiring decision, cricket spectators rioted and attacked the England team during a match in Sydney, Australia.
Richard Mentor Johnson became the only person ever to be elected Vice President of the United States by the Senate.
Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, led a failed rebellion against Queen Elizabeth I of England.
Mary, Queen of Scots (pictured), was executed at Fotheringhay Castle for her involvement in the Babington Plot to murder her cousin, Elizabeth I of England.
William of Orange founded Leiden University, the oldest university in the Netherlands.
Seventh Crusade: The Ayyubid Sultanate of Egypt defeated and captured King Louis IX of France at the Battle of Fariskur.
Honorius declared Constantius III to be his co-emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
Two children are killed and six others are injured when a bus crashes into a daycare centre in Laval, Quebec, Canada. The driver is arrested and charged with homicide and dangerous driving.
A soldier opens fire in a military camp and a shopping center in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, killing 29 people and injuring 58 others before being shot dead by police the next day. It is considered the deadliest mass shooting in the country's history.
A hotel fire in Medina, Saudi Arabia, kills 15 Egyptian pilgrims with 130 others injured.
A blizzard kills at least 18 and leaves hundreds of thousands of people without electricity in the northeastern United States and parts of Canada.
Over 2 miles (3.2 km) of road are buried after a storm in the Hindu Kush mountains of Afghanistan triggers a series of avalanches, killing at least 172 people and trapping over 2,000 others.
An Iran Air Tours Tupolev Tu-154 and an Iranian Air Force Sukhoi Su-24 collide mid-air near Qods, Iran, killing all 133 people onboard both aircraft.
Independent Air Flight 1851 strikes Pico Alto mountain while on approach to Santa Maria Airport in the Azores, killing all 144 passengers on board.
Twenty-three people are killed when a VIA Rail passenger train collides with a Canadian National freight train near the town of Hinton, Alberta, making it one of the worst rail accidents in Canada.
A dust storm hits Melbourne, resulting in the worst drought on record and severe weather conditions in the city.
Irish race horse Shergar is stolen and allegedly killed by gunmen in a ransom attempt by the PIRA.
The crew of Skylab 4, the last mission to visit the American space station Skylab, returns to Earth after 84 days in space.
The NASDAQ stock market index opens for the first time.
South Vietnamese ground troops launch an incursion into Laos to try to cut off the Ho Chi Minh trail and stop communist infiltration into the country.
American civil rights movement: An attack on Black students from South Carolina State University who are protesting racial segregation leaves three dead and 28 injured in Orangeburg, South Carolina.
Eastern Air Lines Flight 663 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean and explodes, killing all 84 people onboard.
The regime of Prime Minister of Iraq Abd al-Karim Qasim is overthrown by the Ba'ath Party.
Nine protestors are killed at Charonne station, Paris, by French police under the command of ex-Vichy official and Parisian Prefect of Police Maurice Papon.
Queen Elizabeth II issues an Order-in-Council, proclaiming the House of Windsor and declaring that her descendants will take the name Mountbatten-Windsor.
The Hollywood Walk of Fame is founded.
The Stasi, the secret police of East Germany, is established.
The People's Republic of Korea is dissolved in the North and replaced by the communist-controlled Provisional People's Committee of North Korea.
World War II: British and Canadian forces commence Operation Veritable to occupy land between the Maas and Rhine rivers.
World War II: Mikhail Devyataev escapes with nine other Soviet POWs from a Nazi concentration camp in Peenemünde, Usedom.
World War II: Japan invades Singapore.
Spanish Civil War: Republican forces establish the Interprovincial Council of Santander, Palencia and Burgos in Cantabria.
The first state execution in the United States by gas chamber takes place in Nevada.
D. W. Griffith's controversial landmark film The Birth of a Nation premieres in Los Angeles.
The Boy Scouts of America is incorporated by William D. Boyce.
Japanese forces launch a surprise attack against Russian-controlled Port Arthur, marking the start of the Russo-Japanese war.
The Dutch Colonial Army's Marechaussee regiment led by General G.C.E. van Daalen launch a military campaign in the Dutch East Indies' Northern Sumatra region, leading to the deaths of thousands of civilians.
The Dawes Act is enacted, authorizing the U.S. President to divide Native American tribal land into individual allotments.
The first Japanese immigrants arrive in Hawaii.
Sandford Fleming first proposes the adoption of Universal Standard Time at a meeting of the Royal Canadian Institute.
England's cricket team, led by Lord Harris, is attacked in a riot during a match in Sydney.
Delaware refuses to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, delaying the criminalization of slavery until the amendment's national adoption on December 6, 1865. The amendment is ultimately ratified by Delaware on February 12, 1901, the 92nd anniversary of Abraham Lincoln's birth.
Richard Johnson becomes the first and only Vice President of the United States chosen by the Senate.
An army led by Grand Marshal Las Heras crosses the Andes to join San Martín in the liberation of Chile from Spain.
Napoleon defeats the coalition forces of Russian General Bennigsen and Prussian General L'Estocq at the Battle of Eylau.
The College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia, the second-oldest institution of higher education in the Thirteen Colonies, is granted a charter by King William III and Queen Mary II.
Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, unsuccessfully rebels against Queen Elizabeth I.
Mary, Queen of Scots is executed on suspicion of having been involved in the Babington Plot to murder her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I.
The Byzantine civil war of 1341–47 ends with a power-sharing agreement between John VI Kantakouzenos and John V Palaiologos.
Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al Mansurah.
The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir.
Constantius III becomes co-emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
I.N, South Korean singer
Rui Hachimura, Japanese basketball player
Kathryn Newton, American actress
Kenedy, Brazilian footballer
Leighton Vander Esch, American football player
Gabriel Deck, Argentine basketball player
Joshua Kimmich, German footballer
Hakan Çalhanoğlu, Turkish footballer
Nikki Yanofsky, Canadian singer-songwriter
Bruno Martins Indi, Portuguese-Dutch footballer
Nam Woo-hyun, South Korean singer
Bethany Hamilton, American surfer
Klay Thompson, American basketball player
Zac Guildford, New Zealand rugby player
JaJuan Johnson, American basketball player
Julio Jones, American football player
Brendan Smith, Canadian ice hockey player
Courtney Vandersloot, American-Hungarian basketball player
Keegan Meth, Zimbabwean cricketer
Javi García, Spanish footballer
Carolina Kostner, Italian figure skater
Anderson .Paak, American singer, songwriter, rapper, and record producer
Petra Cetkovská, Czech tennis player
Jeremy Davis, American bass player and songwriter
Félix Pie, Dominican baseball player
Brian Randle, American basketball player and coach
Sean Bergenheim, Finnish ice hockey player
Cecily Strong, American actress
Panagiotis Vasilopoulos, Greek basketball player
Jermaine Anderson, Canadian basketball player
Cory Jane, New Zealand rugby player
Steve Gohouri, Ivorian footballer (died 2015)
Myriam Montemayor Cruz, Mexican singer
Jim Parrack, American actor
William Jackson Harper, American actor
Aaron Cook, American baseball player
Ranveer Brar, Indian chef, author, restauranteur, and television personality
Mick de Brenni, Australian politician
Dave Farrell, American musician and songwriter
Roman Kostomarov, Russian ice dancer
Khaled Mashud, Bangladeshi cricketer
Nicolas Vouilloz, French rally driver and mountain biker
Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo, French musician, singer, composer, and record producer
Seth Green, American actor, voice artist, comedian, producer, writer, and director
Joshua Morrow, American actor
Kimbo Slice, Bahamian-American mixed martial artist (died 2016)
Michelle Brogan, Australian basketball player
Big Show, American wrestler and actor
Aidy Boothroyd, English footballer and manager
Mika Karppinen, Swedish-Finnish drummer and songwriter
Susan Misner, American actress
Stephanie Courtney, American actress and comedian
John Filan, Australian footballer and coach
Alonzo Mourning, American basketball player and executive
Pauly Fuemana, New Zealand-Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2010)
Mary Robinette Kowal, American puppeteer and author
Mary McCormack, American actress and producer
Gary Coleman, American actor (died 2010)
Adelir Antônio de Carli, Brazilian priest and balloonist
Michael Ansley, American basketball player
Kirk Muller, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
Hristo Stoichkov, Bulgarian footballer and manager
Arlie Petters, Belizean-American mathematical physicist and academic
Santosh Sivan, Indian director, cinematographer, producer, and actor
Trinny Woodall, English fashion designer and author
Mohammad Azharuddin, Indian cricketer and politician
Vince Neil, American singer-songwriter and actor
Benigno Aquino III, Filipino politician, 15th President of the Philippines (died 2021)
Dino Ciccarelli, Canadian ice hockey player
Henry Czerny, Canadian actor
Heinz Gunthardt, Swiss tennis player
Andrew Hoy, Australian equestrian rider
Mauricio Macri, Argentinian businessman and politician, President of Argentina
Sherri Martel, American wrestler and manager (died 2007)
Marina Silva, Brazilian environmentalist and politician
Karine Chemla, French historian of mathematics and sinologist
Marques Johnson, American basketball player and sportscaster
John Grisham, American lawyer and author
Jim Neidhart, American wrestler (died 2018)
Mary Steenburgen, American actress
Marinho Chagas, Brazilian footballer and coach (died 2014)
Brooke Adams, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
Niels Arestrup, French actor, director, and screenwriter
Dan Seals, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2009)
Roger Lloyd-Pack, English actor (died 2014)
Sebastião Salgado, Brazilian photographer and journalist (died 2025)
Creed Bratton, American actor and musician
Valerie Thomas, American scientist and inventor
Robert Klein, American comedian, actor, and singer
Terry Melcher, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 2004)
Nick Nolte, American actor and producer
Tom Rush, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
Jagjit Singh, Indian singer-songwriter (died 2011)
Sophie Lihau-Kanza, Congolese politician (died 1999)
Ted Koppel, English-American journalist
Jose Maria Sison, Filipino activist and theorist (died 2022)
Joe Raposo, American pianist and composer (died 1989)
Harry Wu, Chinese human rights activist (died 2016)
Elly Ameling, Dutch soprano
Cliff Allison, English racing driver and businessman (died 2005)
John Williams, American pianist, composer, and conductor
James Dean, American actor (died 1955)
Shadia, Egyptian actress and singer (died 2017)
Alejandro Rey, Argentinian-American actor and director (died 1987)
Neal Cassady, American author and poet (died 1968)
Birgitte Reimer, Danish film actress (died 2021)
Jack Lemmon, American actor (died 2001)
Audrey Meadows, American actress and banker (died 1996)
Barney Danson, Canadian colonel and politician, 21st Canadian Minister of National Defence (died 2011)
Nexhmije Hoxha, Albanian politician (died 2020)
Balram Singh Rai, Guyanese politician, 1st Minister of Home Affairs (died 2022)
Lana Turner, American actress (died 1995)
Freddie Blassie, American wrestler and manager (died 2003)
Georges Guétary, Egyptian-French singer, dancer, and actor (died 1997)
Bill Finger, American author and screenwriter, co-created Batman (died 1974)
Betty Field, American actress (died 1973)
Danai Stratigopoulou, Greek singer-songwriter (died 2009)
Elizabeth Bishop, American poet and author (died 1979)
Elisabeth Murdoch, Australian philanthropist (died 2012)
Chester Carlson, American physicist and lawyer, invented Xerography (died 1968)
Greta Keller, Austrian-American singer and actress (died 1977)
Tunku Abdul Rahman, 1st Prime Minister of Malaysia (died 1990)
Demchugdongrub, Mongol prince and politician, head of state of Mengjiang (died 1966)
Lonnie Johnson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1970)
Zakir Husain, Indian academic and politician, 3rd president of India (died 1969)
King Vidor, American director, producer, and screenwriter (died 1982)
Ba Maw, Burmese lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Burma (died 1977)
Claro M. Recto, Filipino lawyer, jurist, and politician (died 1960)
Edith Evans, English actress (died 1976)
Charlie Ruggles, American actor (died 1970)
Snowy Baker, Australian boxer, rugby player, and actor (died 1953)
Isak Penttala, Finnish politician (died 1955)
Joseph Schumpeter, Czech-American economist and political scientist (died 1950)
Thomas Selfridge, American lieutenant and pilot (died 1908)
Franz Marc, German soldier and painter (died 1916)
Viktor Schwanneke, German actor and director (died 1931)
Martin Buber, Austrian-Israeli philosopher and academic (died 1965)
Paula Modersohn-Becker, German painter (died 1907)
Moses Gomberg, Ukrainian-American chemist and academic (died 1947)
Adella Brown Bailey, American politician and suffragist (died 1937)
Kate Chopin, American author (died 1904)
Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist and academic (died 1907)
Vital-Justin Grandin, French-Canadian bishop and missionary (died 1902)
Jules Verne, French author, poet, and playwright (died 1905)
Henry Walter Bates, English geographer, biologist, and explorer (died 1892)
Maxime Du Camp, French photographer and journalist (died 1894)
William Tecumseh Sherman, American general (died 1891)
John Ruskin, English author, critic, and academic (died 1900)
Richard S. Ewell, American general (died 1872)
Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins, English sculptor and zoologist (died 1889)
Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich of Russia, Russian grand duke (died 1849)
Caroline Augusta of Bavaria, German princess (died 1873)
Joseph Leopold Eybler, Austrian composer and conductor (died 1846)
Gia Long, Vietnamese emperor (died 1820)
André Grétry, Belgian-French organist and composer (died 1813)
Emperor Sakuramachi, Japanese emperor (died 1750)
Daniel Bernoulli, Dutch-Swiss mathematician and physicist (died 1782)
Charles-Jean-François Hénault, French historian and author (died 1770)
Guercino, Italian painter (died 1666)
Robert Burton, English priest, physician, and scholar (died 1640)
Agrippa d'Aubigné, French poet and soldier (died 1630)
Daniele Barbaro, Venetian churchman, diplomat and scholar (died 1570)
Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg, German duke (died 1550)
Constantine XI Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (died 1453)
Afonso IV of Portugal, Portuguese king (died 1357)
Yaroslav II of Vladimir (died 1246)
Muhammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshid, Egyptian commander and politician, Abbasid Governor of Egypt (died 946)
Proclus, Greek mathematician and philosopher (died ~485)
Vettius Valens, Greek astronomer, mathematician, and astrologer (died ~175)
Dick Jauron, American football player and coach (born 1950)
Sam Nujoma, Namibian politician, 1st President of Namibia (born 1929)
Gyalo Thondup, Brother of the 14th Dalai Lama (born 1928)
Arto Heiskanen, Finnish professional hockey player (born 1963)
Marty Schottenheimer, American football player and coach (born 1943)
Mary Wilson, American singer (born 1944)
Robert Conrad, American actor (born 1935)
Peter Mansfield, English physicist, Nobel laureate (born 1933)
Rina Matsuno, Japanese idol singer (born 1998)
Alan Simpson, English scriptwriter (born 1929)
Amelia Bence, Argentine actress (born 1914)
Nida Fazli, Indian poet and songwriter (born 1938)
Margaret Forster, English historian, author, and critic (born 1938)
Violette Verdy, French ballerina (born 1933)
Rauni-Leena Luukanen-Kilde, Finnish physician and parapsychologist (born 1939)
Els Borst, Dutch physician and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands (born 1932)
Maicon Pereira de Oliveira, Brazilian footballer (born 1988)
Nancy Holt, American sculptor and painter (born 1938)
Giovanni Cheli, Italian cardinal (born 1918)
James DePreist, American conductor and educator (born 1936)
Maureen Dragone, American journalist and author (born 1920)
Nevin Scrimshaw, American scientist (born 1918)
Wando, Brazilian singer-songwriter (born 1945)
Luis Alberto Spinetta, Argentinian singer-songwriter (born 1950)
Tony Malinosky, American baseball player and soldier (born 1909)
John Murtha, American colonel and politician (born 1932)
Ruby Garrard Woodson, American educator and cultural historian (born 1931)
Anna Nicole Smith, American model and actress (born 1967)
Ian Stevenson, Canadian-American psychiatrist and academic (born 1918)
Elton Dean, English saxophonist, songwriter, and producer (born 1945)
Thierry Fortineau, French actor (born 1953)
Akira Ifukube, Japanese composer (born 1914)
A. Chandranehru, Sri Lankan sailor and politician (born 1944)
Julius Schwartz, American journalist and author (born 1915)
Ong Teng Cheong, Singaporean architect and politician, 5th President of Singapore (born 1936)
Ivo Caprino, Norwegian director and screenwriter (born 1920)
Sid Abel, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster (born 1918)
Derrick Thomas, American football player (born 1967)
Iris Murdoch, Irish-born British novelist and philosopher (born 1919)
Halldór Laxness, Icelandic author, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1902)
Enoch Powell, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for Health (born 1912)
Julian Simon, American economist and author (born 1932)
Corey Scott, American motorcycle stunt rider (born 1968)
Del Ennis, American baseball player (born 1925)
Raymond Scott, American pianist and composer (born 1908)
Stanley Armour Dunham, American sergeant (born 1918)
Del Shannon, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1934)
Ernest Titterton, British Australian nuclear physicist (born 1916)
Harriet E. MacGibbon, American actress (born 1905)
William Lyons, English businessman, co-founded Swallow Sidecar Company (born 1901)
John Hay Whitney, American financier and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom (born 1904)
Nikos Xilouris, Greek singer-songwriter (born 1936)
Dennis Gabor, Hungarian-English physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1900)
Eivind Groven, Norwegian composer and theorist (born 1901)
Robert Robinson, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born1886)
Markos Vamvakaris, Greek singer-songwriter and bouzouki player (born 1905)
Kanaiyalal Munshi, Indian independence movement activist, politician, writer and educationist (born 1887)
Cahir Healy, Northern Irish republican and anti partition politician (born 1877)
Ernst Kretschmer, German psychiatrist and author (born 1888)
George Dolenz, Italian-American actor (born 1908)
J. L. Austin, English philosopher and academic (born 1911)
Giles Gilbert Scott, English architect and engineer, designed the Red telephone box and Liverpool Cathedral (born 1880)
William J. Donovan, American head of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) (born 1883)
Walther Bothe, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1891)
John von Neumann, Hungarian-American mathematician and physicist (born 1903)
Connie Mack, American baseball player and manager (born 1862)
Italo Santelli, Italian fencer and coach (born 1866)
Olga Taratuta, Ukrainian Jewish anarchist (born 1876)
Charles Curtis, American lawyer and politician, 31st Vice President of the United States (born 1860)
Eemil Nestor Setälä, Finnish linguist and politician, Minister for Foreign Affairs (born 1864)
Yordan Milanov, Bulgarian architect, designed the Sveti Sedmochislenitsi Church (born 1867)
Theodor Curtius, German chemist (born 1857)
George Formby Sr, English actor and singer (born 1876)
Peter Kropotkin, Russian zoologist, geographer, and philologist (born 1842)
François Langelier, Canadian journalist, lawyer, and politician, 10th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (born 1838)
Hans Jæger, Norwegian philosopher and activist (born 1854)
Hendrik Willem Bakhuis Roozeboom, Dutch chemist and academic (born 1854)
Agostino Bassi, Italian entomologist and academic (born 1773)
François Habeneck, French violinist and conductor (born 1781)
France Prešeren, Slovenian poet and lawyer (born 1800)
Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha (born 1719)
Aaron Hill, English playwright and poet (born 1685)
Jan van Huysum, Dutch painter (born 1682)
Peter the Great, Russian emperor (born 1672)
Giuseppe Torelli, Italian violinist and composer (born 1658)
Ivan V of Russia (born 1666)
Alexis of Russia (born 1629)
Robert Rollock, Scottish theologian and academic (born 1555)
Saint Gerolamo Emiliani, Italian humanitarian (born 1481)
Blanche of France, Duchess of Orléans (born 1328)
Helen of Anjou, Queen of Serbia (born 1236)
Przemysł II of Poland (born 1257)
Theodoric of Landsberg (born 1242)
Hulagu Khan, Mongol ruler (born 1217)
Robert I, Count of Artois (born 1216)
William II Longespée, Earl of Salisbury, English martyr (born 1212)
Ali ibn Hanzala, sixth Dāʿī al-Muṭlaq of Tayyibi Isma'ilism
Alexios IV Angelos, Byzantine emperor (born 1182)
Severus of Antioch, patriarch of Antioch (born 465)
Christian feast day: Cuthmann of Steyning
Christian feast day: Elffled of Whitby
Christian feast day: Elisabetta Martinez
Christian feast day: Gerolamo Emiliani
Christian feast day: Josephine Bakhita
Christian feast day: Juventius of Pavia
Christian feast day: Mengold of Huy
Christian feast day: Stephen of Muret
Christian feast day: February 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Parinirvana Day (some Mahayana Buddhism traditions; most celebrate on February 15)
Prešeren Day (Slovenia)
Propose Day (India)
Military Foundation Day (North Korea)