Founding of the March of Dimes on Jan 3 1938

On January 3, 1938 the American health charity March of Dimes was launched as the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis. Its purpose was to raise money for polio research, a disease that was striking fear across the United States. The organization’s birth marked a new model of public‑private partnership in fighting a major health threat.

Polio’s grip on America

Polio, caused by the poliovirus, often produced mild symptoms but could also lead to permanent paralysis or death. In the 1930s the disease was spreading, creating anxiety among families and prompting calls for a coordinated response. The lack of effective treatment made funding research a national priority.

Roosevelt’s initiative and the foundation’s launch

President Franklin D. Roosevelt, himself a polio survivor, convened leaders and celebrities to create a dedicated fund. On the day in 1938 the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis was officially established. The name “March of Dimes” later came from entertainer Eddie Cantor, who turned the phrase into a catchy slogan. The foundation’s early work focused on gathering donations to support scientists searching for a vaccine.

From polio to broader maternal‑child health

The foundation’s funding helped accelerate the development of Jonas Salk’s polio vaccine, a breakthrough that eventually eliminated the disease in the United States. After that success the organization broadened its mission to include prevention of birth defects, infant mortality, and later, premature birth. Today the group continues to support research, education, and advocacy for mothers and babies.

Key facts

• The organization was founded on Jan 3 1938 as the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis.
• President Franklin D. Roosevelt, a polio survivor, led the effort.
• Eddie Cantor coined the nickname “March of Dimes.”
• Funding from the foundation helped develop Jonas Salk’s polio vaccine.

Frequently asked questions

Why was the foundation originally called the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis?

Polio often caused paralysis in children, so the name reflected the disease the group aimed to eradicate.

How did the March of Dimes expand its focus after the polio vaccine?

Once polio was under control, the organization shifted to preventing birth defects, infant mortality, and later premature birth, broadening its impact on maternal‑child health.