Two U.S. Army AH-64 Apache helicopters (pictured) conducted a series of air-to-ground attacks in Baghdad.
Hezbollah forces crossed the Israel–Lebanon border and attacked Israeli military positions while firing rockets and mortars at Israeli towns, sparking a five-week war.
France defeated the defending champions Brazil 3–0 to win their first FIFA World Cup title.
Hayao Miyazaki's animated film Princess Mononoke is released, becoming the highest-grossing film in Japan for a few months.
Rowdy fans at Comiskey Park in Chicago stormed the field during a Major League Baseball promotional event at which a crate of disco records was blown up.
Sixteen-year-old Pauline Reade, the first victim of serial killers Ian Brady and Myra Hindley, disappeared in Gorton, England.
The English rock band the Rolling Stones (pictured) played their first concert at the Marquee Club in London.
Arab–Israeli War: Israel Defense Forces officer Yitzhak Rabin signed an order to expel Palestinians from the towns of Lydda and Ramle.
World War II: German and Soviet forces engaged each other at the Battle of Prokhorovka (tanks pictured), one of the largest tank battles in military history.
The Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty was signed, with Soviet Russia agreeing to recognize an independent Lithuania.
An explosion in the ammunition magazine of the Japanese battleship Kawachi resulted in the deaths of more than 600 officers and crewmen.
First World War: Second Lieutenant Kléber Dupuy defeated a German attack on Fort Souville at a key moment of the Battle of Verdun.
Second Balkan War: The Serbian Army began the Siege of Vidin, which they abandoned six days later when an armistice between the Serbs and Bulgarians was signed.
French Revolutionary Wars: A squadron of British ships of the line defeated a larger squadron of Spanish and French vessels in the Strait of Gibraltar.
Saint Basil's Cathedral (pictured), located in Red Square, Moscow, was consecrated.
Choe Bu, an official of the Joseon dynasty, returned to Korea after months of shipwrecked travel in China.
King Æthelstan of England secured the submission of four northern rulers: Constantine II of Scotland, Hywel Dda of Deheubarth, Ealdred I of Bamburgh, and Owain ap Dyfnwal of Strathclyde, leading to seven years of peace.
Gazpromavia Flight 9608 crashes in Russia's Kolomensky District near Kolomna, killing three.
Six people are killed and 200 injured in a French passenger train derailment in Brétigny-sur-Orge.
Syrian Civil War: Government forces target the homes of rebels and activists in Tremseh and kill anywhere between 68 and 150 people.
A tank truck explosion kills more than 100 people in Okobie, Nigeria.
U.S. Army Apache helicopters engage in airstrikes against armed insurgents in Baghdad, Iraq, where civilians are killed; footage from the cockpit is later leaked to the Internet.
The 2006 Lebanon War begins.
Space Shuttle program: Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched on mission STS-104, carrying the Quest Joint Airlock to the International Space Station.
The Ulster Volunteer Force attacked a house in Ballymoney, County Antrim, Northern Ireland with a petrol bomb, killing the Quinn brothers.
France win their first World Cup title, defeating defending champions Brazil 3–0.
Chinese seismologists successfully predict the 1995 Myanmar–China earthquake, reducing the number of casualties to 11.
The island nation of Kiribati becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
São Tomé and Príncipe declare independence from Portugal.
A fire destroys the entire sixth floor of the National Personnel Records Center of the United States.
The Australian Aboriginal flag is flown for the first time.
Riots begin in Newark, New Jersey.
Pauline Reade, 16, disappears in Gorton, England, the first victim in the Moors murders.
Indian city Pune floods due to failure of the Khadakwasla and Panshet dams, killing at least two thousand people.
ČSA Flight 511 crashes at Casablanca–Anfa Airport in Morocco, killing 72.
Orlyonok, the main Young Pioneer camp of the Russian SFSR, is founded.
Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion orders the expulsion of Palestinians from the towns of Lod and Ramla.
World War II: Battle of Kursk: German and Soviet forces engage in the Battle of Prokhorovka, one of the largest armored engagements of all time.
The Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty is signed, by which Soviet Russia recognizes the independence of Lithuania.
The Imperial Japanese Navy battleship Kawachi blows up at Shunan, western Honshu, Japan, killing at least 621.
The Bisbee Deportation occurs as vigilantes kidnap and deport nearly 1,300 striking miners and others from Bisbee, Arizona.
Serbian forces begin their siege of the Bulgarian city of Vidin; the siege is later called off when the war ends.
The Second Revolution breaks out against the Beiyang government, as Li Liejun proclaims Jiangxi independent from the Republic of China.
The Medal of Honor is authorized by the United States Congress.
The American Army of the Northwest briefly occupies the Upper Canadian settlement at what is now at Windsor, Ontario.
At the insistence of Napoleon, Bavaria, Baden, Württemberg and thirteen minor principalities leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine.
British ships inflict heavy damage on Spanish and French ships in the Second Battle of Algeciras.
Ranjit Singh conquers Lahore and becomes Maharaja of the Punjab (Sikh Empire).
The Civil Constitution of the Clergy is passed in France by the National Constituent Assembly.
In response to the dismissal of the French finance minister Jacques Necker, the radical journalist Camille Desmoulins gives a speech which results in the storming of the Bastille two days later.
Captain James Cook begins his third voyage.
Battle of Aughrim (Julian calendar): The decisive victory of William III of England's forces in Ireland.
The Ostrog Bible, one of the early printed Bibles in a Slavic language, is published.
Mughal Empire annexes Bengal after defeating the Bengal Sultanate at the Battle of Rajmahal.
Fray Diego de Landa, acting Bishop of Yucatán, burns the sacred idols and books of the Maya.
King Henry VIII of England marries his sixth and last wife, Catherine Parr, at Hampton Court Palace.
Lê Cung Hoàng ceded the throne to Mạc Đăng Dung, ending the Lê dynasty and starting the Mạc dynasty.
Hartmann Schedel's Nuremberg Chronicle, one of the best-documented early printed books, is published.
Joseon Dynasty official Choe Bu returned to Korea after months of shipwrecked travel in China.
The Ottomans capture Euboea.
Pope Benedict XII issues the papal bull Fulgens sicut stella matutina to reform the Cistercian Order.
Third Crusade: Saladin's garrison surrenders to Philip Augustus, ending the two-year siege of Acre.
King Constantine II of Scotland, King Hywel Dda of Deheubarth, Ealdred of Bamburgh and King Owain of the Cumbrians accepted the overlordship of King Æthelstan of England, leading to seven years of peace in the north.
The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple.
Nico Williams, Spanish footballer
Kaylee McKeown, Australian swimmer
Vinícius Júnior, Brazilian footballer
Shai Gilgeous-Alexander, Canadian basketball player
Jean-Kévin Duverne, French footballer
Malala Yousafzai, Pakistani-English activist, Nobel Prize laureate
Moussa Dembélé, French footballer
Jordan Romero, American mountaineer
Evania Pelite, Australian rugby union player
Luke Shaw, English footballer
Jordyn Wieber, American gymnast
Moses Simon, Nigerian footballer
Kanako Momota, Japanese singer-songwriter
Bartosz Bereszyński, Polish footballer
Luke Berry, English footballer
Salih Dursun, Turkish footballer
James Rodríguez, Colombian footballer
Pablo Carreño Busta, Spanish tennis player
Bebé, Portuguese footballer
Rachel Brosnahan, American actress
Nick Palmieri, American ice hockey player
Phoebe Tonkin, Australian actress
Patrick Beverley, American basketball player
LeSean McCoy, American football player
Inbee Park, South Korean golfer
Didier Digard, French footballer
Hannaliis Jaadla, Estonian footballer
JP Pietersen, South African rugby player
Simone Laudehr, German footballer
Paulo Vitor Barreto, Brazilian footballer
Gianluca Curci, Italian footballer
Keven Lacombe, Canadian cyclist
Ismael Londt, Surinamese-Dutch kickboxer
Gareth Gates, English singer-songwriter
Jonathan Lewis, American football player
Natalie Martinez, American actress
Michael McGovern, Northern Irish footballer
Sami Zayn, Canadian professional wrestler
Antonio Cassano, Italian footballer
Jason Wright, American football player, businessman, and executive
Adrienne Camp, South African singer-songwriter
Pradeepan Raveendran, Sri Lankan director, producer, and screenwriter
Kristen Connolly, American actress
Nikos Barlos, Greek basketball player
Maya Kobayashi, Japanese journalist
Topher Grace, American actor
Michelle Rodriguez, American actress
Neil Harris, English footballer and manager
Steve Howey, American actor
Brock Lesnar, American mixed martial artist and wrestler
Francesca Lubiani, Italian tennis player
Marco Silva, Portuguese football manager
Dan Boyle, Canadian ice hockey player
Anna Friel, English actress
Tracie Spencer, American singer-songwriter and actress
Sharon den Adel, Dutch singer-songwriter
Stelios Giannakopoulos, Greek footballer and manager
Gregory Shane Helms, American professional wrestler
Christian Vieri, Italian footballer
Jake Wood, English actor
Andriy Kovalenco, Ukrainian-Spanish rugby player
Loni Love, American comedian, actress, and talk show host
Kristi Yamaguchi, American figure skater
Aure Atika, Portuguese-French actress, director, and screenwriter
Lee Byung-hun, South Korean actor, singer, and dancer
Susan Tyler Witten, American politician
Chantal Jouanno, French politician, French Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports
Alan Mullally, English cricketer and sportscaster
Anne-Sophie Pic, French chef
Jesse Pintado, Mexican-American guitarist (died 2006)
Catherine Plewinski, French swimmer
Richard Herring, English comedian and screenwriter
Mac McCaughan, American singer and guitarist
John Petrucci, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
Bruny Surin, Canadian sprinter
Jeff Bucknum, American race car driver
Annabel Croft, English tennis player and sportscaster
Taiji, Japanese bass player and songwriter (died 2011)
Sanjay Manjrekar, Indian cricketer and sportscaster
Robin Wilson, American singer and guitarist
Gaby Roslin, English television host and actress
Julio César Chávez, Mexican boxer
Luc De Vos, Belgian singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2014)
Joanna Shields, American-English businesswoman
Dean Wilkins, English footballer and manager
Heikko Glöde, German footballer and manager
Shiva Rajkumar, Indian actor, singer, and producer
David Brown, Australian meteorologist
Tupou VI, King of Tonga
Karl J. Friston, English psychiatrist and neuroscientist
Charlie Murphy, American actor and comedian (died 2017)
J. D. Hayworth, American politician and radio host
Tonya Lee Williams, English-Canadian actress and producer
Rick Husband, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (died 2003)
Dave Semenko, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster (died 2017)
Mel Harris, American actress
Sandi Patty, American singer and pianist
Mario Soto, Dominican baseball player
Timothy Garton Ash, English historian and author
Jimmy LaFave, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2017)
Eric Adams, American singer-songwriter
Robert Carl, American pianist and composer
Wolfgang Dremmler, German footballer and coach
Voja Antonić, Serbian computer scientist and journalist, designed the Galaksija computer
Irina Bokova, Bulgarian politician, Bulgarian Minister of Foreign Affairs
Philip Taylor Kramer, American bass player (died 1995)
Joan Bauer, American author
Brian Grazer, American screenwriter and producer, founded Imagine Entertainment
Cheryl Ladd, American actress
Piotr Pustelnik, Polish mountaineer
Jamey Sheridan, American actor
Eric Carr, American drummer and songwriter (died 1991)
Gilles Meloche, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
Simon Fox, English drummer (died 2024)
Rick Hendrick, American businessman, founded Hendrick Motorsports
Ben Burtt, American director, screenwriter, and sound designer
Walter Egan, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
Elias Khoury, Lebanese intellectual, playwright and novelist (died 2024)
Richard Simmons, American fitness trainer and actor (died 2024)
Gareth Edwards, Welsh rugby player and sportscaster
Carl Lundgren, American artist and illustrator
Richard C. McCarty, American psychologist and academic
Sian Barbara Allen, American television actress (died 2025)
Butch Hancock, American country-folk singer-songwriter and musician
Simon Blackburn, English philosopher and academic
Delia Ephron, American author, playwright, and screenwriter
Christine McVie, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player (died 2022)
Paul Silas, American basketball player and coach (died 2022)
Swamp Dogg, American R&B singer-songwriter and musician
Roy Palmer, English cricketer and umpire
Billy Smith, Australian rugby league footballer and coach
Steve Young, American country singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2016)
Benny Parsons, American race car driver and sportscaster (died 2007)
Phillip Adams, Australian journalist and producer
Bill Cooper, American football player
Ron Fairly, American baseball player and sportscaster (died 2019)
Wieger Mensonides, Dutch swimmer
Eiko Ishioka, Japanese art director and graphic designer (died 2012)
Bill Cosby, American actor, comedian, producer, and screenwriter
Mickey Edwards, American lawyer and politician
Lionel Jospin, French civil servant and politician, 165th Prime Minister of France
Robert McFarlane, American colonel and diplomat, 13th United States National Security Advisor (died 2022)
Guy Woolfenden, English composer and conductor (died 2016)
Jan Němec, Czech director and screenwriter (died 2016)
Frank Ryan, American football player and mathematician (died 2024)
Satoshi Ōmura, Japanese biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
Van Cliburn, American pianist and composer (died 2013)
Victor Poor, American engineer, developed the Datapoint 2200 (died 2012)
Donald E. Westlake, American author and screenwriter (died 2008)
Monte Hellman, American director and producer (died 2021)
Otis Davis, American sprinter (died 2024)
Eric Ives, English historian and academic (died 2012)
Geeto Mongol, Canadian-American wrestler and trainer (died 2013)
Gordon Pinsent, Canadian actor, director, and screenwriter (died 2023)
Guy Ligier, French race car driver and team owner (died 2015)
Alastair Burnet, English journalist (died 2012)
Elias James Corey, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
Imero Fiorentino, American lighting designer (died 2013)
Françoys Bernier, Canadian pianist, conductor, and educator (died 1993)
Conte Candoli, American trumpet player (died 2001)
Jack Harshman, American baseball player (died 2013)
Harley Hotchkiss, Canadian businessman (died 2011)
Albert Lance, Australian-French tenor (died 2013)
Roger Smith, American businessman (died 2007)
Faidon Matthaiou, Greek basketball player and coach (died 2011)
Michel d'Ornano, French politician (died 1991)
James E. Gunn, American science fiction author (died 2020)
Mark Hatfield, American soldier and politician, 29th Governor of Oregon (died 2011)
Pierre Berton, Canadian journalist and author (died 2004)
Bob Fillion, Canadian ice hockey player and manager (died 2015)
Paul Gonsalves, American saxophonist (died 1974)
Randolph Quirk, Manx linguist and academic (died 2017)
Beah Richards, American actress (died 2000)
Luigi Gorrini, Italian soldier and pilot (died 2014)
Satyendra Narayan Sinha, Indian statesman (died 2006)
Andrew Wyeth, American artist (died 2009)
Lyudmila Pavlichenko, Ukrainian-Russian soldier and sniper (died 1974)
Mohammad Moin, Iranian linguist and lexicographer (died 1971)
Willis Lamb, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2008)
Evald Mikson, Estonian footballer (died 1993)
Joe DeRita, American actor (died 1993)
Motoichi Kumagai, Japanese photographer and illustrator (died 2010)
Fritz Leonhardt, German engineer, designed Fernsehturm Stuttgart (died 1999)
Herbert Zim, American naturalist, author, and educator (died 1994)
Milton Berle, American comedian and actor (died 2002)
Alain Cuny, French actor (died 1994)
Paul Runyan, American golfer and sportscaster (died 2002)
Weary Dunlop, Australian colonel and surgeon (died 1993)
Prince John of the United Kingdom, Youngest son of George V and Mary of Teck (died 1919)
Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1973)
Günther Anders, German philosopher and journalist (died 1992)
Vic Armbruster, Australian rugby league footballer (died 1984)
Marcel Paul, French communist politician and Holocaust survivor (died 1982)
Kirsten Flagstad, Norwegian soprano (died 1962)
Buckminster Fuller, American architect and engineer, designed the Montreal Biosphère (died 1983)
Oscar Hammerstein II, American director, producer, and songwriter (died 1960)
Bruno Schulz, Ukrainian-Polish author and painter (died 1942)
Zygmunt Janiszewski, Polish mathematician and academic (died 1920)
Jean Hersholt, Danish-American actor and director (died 1956)
Bob Diry, Austrian-born wrestler and boxer (died 1935)
Louis B. Mayer, Russian-born American film producer, co-founded Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (died 1957)
Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor (died 1920)
Natalia Goncharova, Russian theatrical costume and set designer, painter and illustrator (died 1962)
Tod Browning, American actor, director, and screenwriter (died 1962)
Margherita Piazzola Beloch, Italian mathematician (died 1976)
Han Yong-un, Korean poet (died 1944)
Peeter Põld, Estonian scientist and politician, 1st Estonian Minister of Education (died 1930)
Max Jacob, French poet, painter, and critic (died 1944)
Emil Hácha, Czech lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Czechoslovakia (died 1945)
Louis II, Prince of Monaco (died 1949)
Stefan George, German poet and translator (died 1933)
Albert Calmette, French physician, bacteriologist, and immunologist (died 1933)
Paul Drude, German physicist and academic (died 1906)
Anton Arensky, Russian pianist, composer, and educator (died 1906)
George E. Ohr, American potter (died 1918)
Ned Hanlan, Canadian rower, academic, and businessman (died 1908)
George Eastman, American businessman, founded Eastman Kodak (died 1933)
Hipólito Yrigoyen, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 19th President of Argentina (died 1933)
Otto Schoetensack, German anthropologist and academic (died 1912)
William Osler, Canadian physician and author (died 1919)
Eugène Boudin, French painter (died 1898)
D. H. Hill, American general and academic (died 1889)
Henry David Thoreau, American essayist, poet, and philosopher (died 1862)
Alvin Saunders, Territorial Governor and Senator from Nebraska (died 1899)
Claude Bernard, French physiologist and academic (died 1878)
Thomas Hawksley, English engineer and academic (died 1893)
Peter Chanel, French priest and saint (died 1841)
Josiah Wedgwood, English potter, founded the Wedgwood Company (died 1795)
Evaristo Felice Dall'Abaco, Italian violinist and composer (died 1742)
Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk (died 1684)
Edward Manners, 3rd Earl of Rutland (died 1587)
Jacopo Sadoleto, Italian cardinal (died 1547)
Juan del Encina, Spanish poet, playwright, and composer (probable; (died 1530)
Ashikaga Yoshinori, Japanese shōgun (died 1441)
Julius Caesar, Roman politician and general (died 44 BC)
Tonke Dragt, Dutch children's writer and illustrator (born 1930)
Bill Viola, American video and installation artist (born 1951)
Ruth Westheimer, German-American sex therapist (born 1928)
Evan Wright, American writer (born 1964)
Noriko Ohara, Japanese voice actress and narrator (born 1935)
Kelly Preston, American actress and model (born 1962)
Wim Suurbier, Dutch football player (born 1945)
Emily Hartridge, English YouTuber and television presenter (born 1984)
Annabelle Neilson, English socialite (born 1969)
Goran Hadžić, Serbian politician (born 1958)
D'Army Bailey, American lawyer, judge, and actor (born 1941)
Chenjerai Hove, Zimbabwean journalist, author, and poet (born 1956)
Tenzin Delek Rinpoche, Tibetan monk and activist (born 1950)
Cheng Siwei, Chinese engineer, economist, and politician (born 1935)
Jamil Ahmad, Pakistani author (born 1931)
Nestor Basterretxea, Spanish painter and sculptor (born 1924)
Emil Bobu, Romanian politician (born 1927)
Alfred de Grazia, American political scientist and author (born 1919)
Kenneth J. Gray, American soldier and politician (born 1924)
Valeriya Novodvorskaya, Russian journalist and politician (born 1950)
Amar Bose, American businessman, founded the Bose Corporation (born 1929)
Takako Takahashi, Japanese author (born 1932)
Elaine Morgan, Welsh writer (born 1920)
Alan Whicker, Egyptian-English journalist (born 1921)
Alimuddin, Pakistani cricketer (born 1930)
Dara Singh, Indian wrestler, actor, and politician (born 1928)
Eddy Brown, English footballer and manager (born 1926)
Else Holmelund Minarik, Danish-American author and illustrator (born 1920)
Roger Payne, English mountaineer (born 1956)
Hamid Samandarian, Iranian director and playwright (born 1931)
George C. Stoney, American director and producer (born 1916)
Sherwood Schwartz, American screenwriter and producer (born 1916)
Olga Guillot, Cuban-American singer (born 1922)
James P. Hogan, English-American author (born 1941)
Paulo Moura, Brazilian clarinetist and saxophonist (born 1932)
Pius Njawé, Cameroonian journalist (born 1957)
Harvey Pekar, American author and critic (born 1939)
Bobby Murcer, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster (born 1946)
Tony Snow, American journalist, 26th White House Press Secretary (born 1955)
Robert Burås, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1975)
Stan Zemanek, Australian radio and television host (born 1947)
John King, Baron King of Wartnaby, English businessman (born 1917)
Betty Oliphant, English-Canadian ballerina, co-founded the National Ballet School of Canada (born 1918)
Benny Carter, American trumpet player, saxophonist, and composer (born 1907)
Mark Lovell, English race car driver (born 1960)
Fred Marcellino, American author and illustrator (born 1939)
Charles Merritt, Canadian colonel and politician, Victoria Cross recipient (born 1908)
Rajendra Kumar, Indian actor (born 1921)
Jimmy Driftwood, American singer-songwriter and banjo player (born 1907)
Arkady Ostashev, Soviet/Russian scientist and engineer (born 1925)
Serge Lemoyne, Canadian painter (born 1941)
François Furet, French historian and author (born 1927)
John Chancellor, American journalist (born 1927)
Eila Campbell, English geographer and cartographer (born 1915)
Dan Eldon, English photographer and journalist (born 1970)
Caroline Pafford Miller, American journalist and author (born 1903)
João Saldanha, Brazilian footballer, manager, and journalist (born 1917)
Chris Wood, English saxophonist (born 1944)
Kenneth More, English actor (born 1914)
John Warren Davis, American educator, college administrator, and civil rights leader (born 1888)
Olive Morris, Jamaican-English civil rights activist (born 1952)
Minnie Riperton, American singer-songwriter (born 1947)
James Ormsbee Chapin, American painter and illustrator (born 1887)
Lon Chaney Jr., American actor (born 1906)
Yvon Robert, Canadian wrestler (born 1914)
Henry George Lamond, Australian farmer and author (born 1885)
D. T. Suzuki, Japanese philosopher and author (born 1870)
Christfried Burmeister, Estonian speed skater (born 1898)
Roger Wolfe Kahn, American composer and bandleader (born 1907)
Mazo de la Roche, Canadian author and playwright (born 1879)
John Hayes, Australian politician, 25th Premier of Tasmania (born 1868)
Elsie de Wolfe, American actress, author, and interior decorator (born 1865)
Douglas Hyde, Irish scholar and politician, 1st President of Ireland (born 1860)
Jimmie Lunceford, American saxophonist and bandleader (born 1902)
Ray Stannard Baker, American journalist and author (born 1870)
Boris Galerkin, Russian mathematician and engineer (born 1871)
Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen, German field marshal (born 1895)
Theodore Roosevelt Jr., American general and politician, Governor of Puerto Rico (born 1887)
Alfred Dreyfus, French colonel (born 1859)
Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-American inventor and businessman, invented the outboard motor (born 1877)
Nathan Söderblom, Swedish archbishop, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1866)
Robert Henri, American painter and educator (born 1865)
Gertrude Bell, English archaeologist and spy (born 1868)
Charles Wood Irish composer (born 1866)
Charles Rolls, English engineer and businessman, co-founded Rolls-Royce Limited (born 1877)
William D. Coleman, 13th President of Liberia (born 1842)
Alexander Cartwright, American firefighter, invented baseball (born 1820)
John A. Dahlgren, American admiral (born 1809)
Pavel Nakhimov, Russian admiral (born 1802)
Robert Stevenson, Scottish engineer (born 1772)
Henrik Wergeland, Norwegian linguist, poet, and playwright (born 1808)
Alexander Hamilton, American general, economist, and politician, 1st United States Secretary of the Treasury (born 1755)
Johann Joachim Quantz, German flute player and composer (born 1697)
Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois, French navy officer and politician, Governor General of New France (born 1671)
Evaristo Felice Dall'Abaco, Italian violinist and composer (born 1675)
Richard Cromwell, English academic and politician (born 1626)
John Ashby, English admiral (born 1640)
Marquis de St Ruth, French general
Jean Picard, French priest and astronomer (born 1620)
Stefano della Bella, Italian illustrator and engraver (born 1610)
William Bourchier, 3rd Earl of Bath (born 1557)
Steven Borough, English navigator and explorer (born 1525)
Desiderius Erasmus, Dutch priest and philosopher (born 1466)
Bahlul Lodi, sultan of Delhi
Ashikaga Yoshinori, Japanese shōgun (born 1394)
Kyōgoku Takakazu, Japanese nobleman
John Komnenos, Byzantine general
Xue Juzheng, Chinese scholar-official and historian
Meng Chang, emperor of Later Shu (born 919)
Bertrada of Laon, Frankish queen (born 720)
Viventiolus, archbishop of Lyon (born 460)
Christian feast day: Feast of Saints Peter and Paul (Eastern Orthodox)
Christian feast day: Hermagoras and Fortunatus
Christian feast day: Jason of Thessalonica (Catholic Church)
Christian feast day: John Gualbert
Christian feast day: Louis Martin and Marie-Azélie Guérin
Christian feast day: Nabor and Felix
Christian feast day: Nathan Söderblom (Lutheran, Episcopal Church (USA))
Christian feast day: Veronica
Christian feast day: Viventiolus
Christian feast day: July 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
The second day of Naadam (Mongolia)
The Twelfth, also known as Orangemen's Day (Northern Ireland, Scotland, Newfoundland and Labrador)