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Wars of the Three Kingdoms: After crossing the Firth of Forth, English Commonwealth forces defeated a Scottish army at the Battle of Inverkeithing, opening the rest of the country to occupation.
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Wars of the Three Kingdoms
British civil wars, 1639–1653
The Wars of the Three Kingdoms were a series of conflicts fought between 1639 and 1653 in the kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland, then separate entities in a personal union under Charles I. They include the 1639 to 1640 Bishops' Wars, the First and Second English Civil…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
Firth of Forth
Estuary of Scotland's River Forth
The Firth of Forth is a firth in Scotland, an inlet of the North Sea that separates Fife to its north and Lothian to its south. Farther inland, it becomes the estuary of the River Forth and several other rivers.Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
Commonwealth of England
Republican rule in England, 1649–1660
The Commonwealth of England was the political structure during the period from 1649 to 1660 when the Kingdom of England, later along with Ireland and Scotland, were governed as a republic after the end of the Second English Civil War and the trial and execution of Charles I. The…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
Battle of Inverkeithing
1651 battle during the Anglo-Scottish War (1650–1652)
The Battle of Inverkeithing was fought on 20 July 1651 between an English army under John Lambert and a Scottish army led by James Holborne as part of an English invasion of Scotland. The battle was fought near the isthmus of the Ferry Peninsula, to the south of Inverkeithing,…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)