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In Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, the U.S. Supreme Court barred quota systems in college admissions but held that affirmative-action programs advantaging minorities were constitutional.
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Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
1978 U.S. Supreme Court case declaring racial quotas in college admissions unconstitutional
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265 (1978), was a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States that involved a dispute over whether preferential treatment for minorities could reduce educational opportunities for whites without violating…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
Supreme Court of the United States
Highest court of jurisdiction in the US
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that turn on questions of U.S. constitutional or federal law.…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
Racial quota
Numerical requirements for hiring members of a particular racial group
Racial quotas in employment and education are numerical requirements or quotas for hiring, promoting, admitting and/or graduating members of a particular racial group. Racial quotas are often established as means of diminishing racial discrimination, addressing…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
Affirmative action
Policies aiming to increase inclusion of people from marginalized groups
Affirmative action refers to a set of policies and practices within a government or organization seeking to address systemic discrimination. Historically and internationally, support for affirmative action has been justified by the idea that it may help with bridging…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
Minority group
Sociological/demographic category
The term "minority group" has different meanings, depending on the context. According to common usage, it can be defined simply as a group in society with the least number of individuals, or less than half of a population. Usually a minority group is disempowered relative to the…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)