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Vietnamese guerrilla leader Trương Định chose to fight on against European forces, defying Emperor Tự Đức and the Treaty of Saigon.
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Trương Định
19th-century mandarin (scholar-official) in Nguyễn-dynasty Vietnam
Trương Định, sometimes known as Trương Công Định, was a mandarin (scholar-official) in the Nguyễn dynasty of Vietnam under Emperor Tự Đức. He is best known for leading a guerrilla army in southern Vietnam against French forces in defiance of the emperor. He refused to recognise…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
Tự Đức
4th Emperor of Nguyễn-dynasty Vietnam (r. 1847–1883)
Tự Đức was the fourth emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty of Vietnam, and the country's last pre-colonial monarch. Ruling for about 36 years from 1847 to 1883, this made him the longest reigning Nguyễn emperor.Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
Treaty of Saigon (1862)
1862 treaty between Vietnam and France
The Treaty of Saigon was signed on 5 June 1862 between representatives of the colonial powers, France and Spain, and the last precolonial emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty, Emperor Tự Đức after the coalition's invasion during the Cochinchina campaign. The signatories were Louis…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)