Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II and Danish King Christian IV sign the Treaty of Lübeck ending Danish intervention in the Thirty Years' War.

Holy Roman Emperor

Ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 800 to 1806

The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans during the Middle Ages, and also known as the Roman-German Emperor since the early modern period, was the ruler and head of state of the Holy Roman Empire. The title was held in conjunction with the…

Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Emperor from 1619 to 1637

Ferdinand II was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia from 1619 until his death in 1637. He was the son of Archduke Charles II of Inner Austria and Maria of Bavaria, who were devout Catholics. In 1590, when Ferdinand was 11 years old, they sent him to study…

List of monarchs of Denmark

This is a list of monarchs of Denmark, that is, the kings and queen regnants of Denmark. This includes:The Kingdom of Denmark Personal union of Denmark and Norway (1380–1397) The Kalmar Union (1397–1536) Union of Denmark, Norway and Sweden (1397–1523) Union of Denmark and Norway…

Christian IV of Denmark

King of Denmark and Norway from 1588 to 1648

Christian IV was King of Denmark and Norway and Duke of Holstein and Schleswig from 1588 until his death in 1648. His reign of 59 years and 330 days is the longest in Scandinavian history.

Treaty of Lübeck

1629 peace treaty during the Thirty Years' War

The Treaty or Peace of Lübeck ended the Danish intervention in the Thirty Years' War. It was signed in Lübeck on 22 May 1629 by Albrecht von Wallenstein and Christian IV of Denmark-Norway, and on 7 June by Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor. The Catholic League was formally…

Thirty Years' War

Major war in Central Europe (1618–1648)

The Thirty Years' War, fought primarily in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. An estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from battle, famine, or disease, while parts of Germany reported population…