Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, (born 1817)

Adolphe was Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 23 November 1890 to his death on 17 November 1905. The first grand duke from the House of Nassau-Weilburg, he succeeded King William III of the Netherlands, ending the personal union between the Netherlands and Luxembourg. Adolphe was Duke of Nassau from 20 August 1839 to 20 September 1866, when the Duchy was annexed to the Kingdom of Prussia. He is referred to as Adolphe rather than Adolf because he is known for being the first Grand Duke of Luxembourg after the end of the personal union with the Netherlands and the administrative language of Luxembourg was French and the French version of the name Adolf is Adolphe.