Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 collided in mid-air with an Embraer Legacy business jet near Peixoto de Azevedo, Brazil, killing 154 people and triggering a national aviation crisis.

On 29 September 2006, Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907, a Boeing 737-800 on a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Manaus, Brazil, to Brasília and Rio de Janeiro, collided mid-air with an Embraer Legacy 600 business jet flying on an opposite heading over the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso. The winglet of the Legacy sliced off about half of the 737's left wing causing the 737 to break up and crash into an area of dense jungle, killing all 154 passengers and crew on board. Despite sustaining serious damage to its left wing and tail, the Legacy landed with its seven occupants uninjured.

The Embraer Legacy 600 is a business jet derivative of the Embraer ERJ family of commercial jet aircraft.

Peixoto de Azevedo is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso. Peixoto de Azevedo was the ancient location of the Panará indigenous people. They were expelled during the 19th century gold rush in the region. From the 20th century, the Panará people were relocated to the Kapoto-Jarinã indigenous territory created by the Villas-Bôas brothers.

Between 2006 and 2007, Brazil's civil aviation sector suffered a crisis characterized by significant flight delays and cancellations, air traffic controller strikes and safety concerns about the country's airport and air traffic infrastructure. It ostensibly started after the crash of Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 in September 2006, and extended to January 2008. While the government announced a series of measures aimed at mitigating its effects, no clear solution has been found. In Brazil the crisis has been dubbed "Apagão Aéreo", an allusion to an energy crisis which Brazil experienced between 2001 and 2002.