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The Sienese Ghibellines, supported by the forces of Manfred, King of Sicily, defeat the Florentine Guelphs at Montaperti.
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Siena
Comune in Tuscany, Italy
Siena is a city in Tuscany, in central Italy, and the capital of the province of Siena. It is the twelfth most populated city in the region by number of inhabitants, with a population of 52,991 as of 2025.Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
Guelphs and Ghibellines
Rival political factions in medieval Italy
The Guelphs and Ghibellines were factions supporting the Pope (Guelphs) and the Holy Roman Emperor (Ghibellines) in the Italian city-states of Central and Northern Italy during the Middle Ages. During the 12th and 13th centuries, rivalry between these two parties dominated…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
Manfred, King of Sicily
King of Sicily from 1258 to 1266
Manfred was the last King of Sicily from the Hohenstaufen dynasty, reigning from 1258 until his death. The natural son of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, Manfred became regent over the Kingdom of Sicily on behalf of his nephew Conradin in 1254. As regent he subdued…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
Florence
Largest city in Tuscany, Italy
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Battle of Montaperti
1260 battle between the Italian republics of Florence and Siena
The Battle of Montaperti was fought on 4 September 1260 between Florence and Siena in Tuscany as part of the conflict between the Guelphs and Ghibellines. The Florentines were routed. It was the bloodiest battle fought in medieval Italy, with more than 10,000 fatalities. An act…Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)