Gu Yanwu, Chinese philologist and geographer (died 1682)

Gu Yanwu, also known as Gu Tinglin, was a Chinese philologist, geographer, and famous scholar in the early Qing dynasty. After the Manchu conquest of north China in 1644, Gu participated in anti-Manchu activities. He never served the Qing dynasty. Instead, he traveled throughout north China, engaging in local studies intended to strengthen China's intellectual and spiritual resources.