Syrian civil war: Turkish forces began an offensive into north-eastern Syria following the withdrawal of U.S. troops from the region.
Pakistani activist Malala Yousafzai (pictured) was severely injured by a Taliban gunman in a failed assassination attempt.
The Phantom of the Opera, a musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber and currently the longest-running Broadway show in history, opened in London's West End.
Nick Holonyak, an engineer for General Electric, gave the first public demonstration of a light-emitting diode.
A footman shot and killed two colleagues and wounded the lady of the house at Knowsley Hall, England.
World War II: American forces defeated the Japanese at the Third Battle of the Matanikau in Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, reversing the Japanese victory a couple of weeks earlier.
World War I: The civilian authorities of Antwerp surrendered and allowed the German army to capture the city.
Carrying a cargo hold full of highly flammable chemicals, the ocean liner SS Volturno caught fire in the north Atlantic and sank, resulting in 136 deaths.
Following a reduction in pay, textile workers in Little Falls, New York, walked out of their mill, starting a three-month strike.
The Washington Monument in Washington, D.C., at the time the world's tallest building, officially opened to the general public.
The Universal Postal Union, then known as the General Postal Union, was established with the signing of the Treaty of Bern to unify disparate postal services and regulations so that international mail could be exchanged easily.
Late in the Napoleonic Wars, Empress Marie Louise (pictured) issued decrees conscripting tens of thousands of French teenagers, who became known as Marie-Louises.
French Revolution: After a month-long siege, the leaders of Lyon surrendered, ending their revolt against the National Convention.
The deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record began to impact the Caribbean, killing at least 20,000 people across the Antilles over the subsequent days.
European soldiers and Javanese collaborators massacred Chinese Indonesians in the port city of Batavia, modern-day Jakarta.
Great Northern War: Russia defeated Sweden at the Battle of Lesnaya on the Russian–Polish border, in present-day Belarus.
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek wrote a letter to the Royal Society describing "animalcules" – the first known description of protozoa (pictured).
Hurricane Milton makes landfall in Siesta Key, Florida, as a Category 3 hurricane, causing US$34.3 billion in damage only two weeks after Hurricane Helene impacted the state.
Turkey begins its military offensive in north-eastern Syria.
The Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army launches its first attack on Myanmar security forces along the Bangladesh–Myanmar border.
Pakistani Taliban attempt to assassinate outspoken schoolgirl Malala Yousafzai.
First lunar impact of NASA's Lunar Precursor Robotic Program.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average reaches its all-time high of 14,164 points before rapidly declining due to the 2008 financial crisis.
North Korea conducts its first nuclear test.
An Amtrak Sunset Limited train is derailed by saboteurs near Palo Verde, Arizona.
The Peekskill meteorite, a 27.7 pounds (12.6 kg) meteorite crashed into a parked car in Peekskill, New York
The Phantom of the Opera, eventually the second longest running musical in London, opens at Her Majesty's Theatre.
Fox Broadcasting Company (FBC) launches as the fourth US television network.
The popular children's television show Thomas The Tank Engine & Friends, based on The Railway Series by the Reverend Wilbert Awdry, premieres on ITV.
South Korean President Chun Doo-hwan survives an assassination attempt in Rangoon, Burma, but the blast kills 21 and injures 17 others.
President François Mitterrand abolishes capital punishment in France.
Pope John Paul II greets the Dalai Lama during a private audience in Vatican City.
The Khmer Republic is proclaimed in Cambodia.
In Chicago, the National Guard is called in as demonstrations continue over the trial of the "Chicago Eight".
A day after his capture, Ernesto "Che" Guevara is executed for attempting to incite a revolution in Bolivia.
Vietnam War: the Republic of Korea Army commits the Binh Tai Massacre.
In Italy, a large landslide causes a giant wave to overtop the Vajont Dam, killing over 2,000.
Uganda becomes an independent Commonwealth realm.
The Goyang Geumjeong Cave massacre in Korea begins.
Australia's Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1942 receives royal assent.
A coup in Panama declares Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango the new president.
Murder of 9 Catholic priests in Zhengding, China, who protected the local population from the advancing Japanese army.
Boulder Dam (later Hoover Dam) begins to generate electricity and transmit it to Los Angeles.
An Ustashe assassin kills King Alexander I of Yugoslavia and Louis Barthou, Foreign Minister of France, in Marseille.
The Cincinnati Reds win the World Series, resulting in the Black Sox Scandal.
The Finnish Parliament offers to Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse the throne of a short-lived Kingdom of Finland.
World War I: The Siege of Antwerp comes to an end.
The steamship SS Volturno catches fire in the mid-Atlantic.
An accidental bomb explosion triggers the Wuchang Uprising against the Qing dynasty, beginning the Xinhai Revolution.
The Cook Islands become a territory of the United Kingdom.
The Universal Postal Union is created by the Treaty of Bern.
A meeting at the U.S. Naval Academy establishes the U.S. Naval Institute.
American Civil War: Union cavalrymen defeat Confederate forces at Toms Brook, Virginia during Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley campaign.
American Civil War: Union troops repel a Confederate attempt to capture Fort Pickens in the Battle of Santa Rosa Island.
Slavery is abolished in the Swedish colony of Saint Barthélemy.
Opening of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway, the first public railway on the island of Ireland.
Ioannis Kapodistrias, the first head of state of independent Greece, is assassinated.
Restauration arrives in New York Harbor from Norway, the first organized immigration from Norway to the United States.
Guayaquil declares independence from Spain.
War of 1812: In a naval engagement on Lake Erie, American forces capture two British ships: HMS Detroit and HMS Caledonia.
Prussia begins the War of the Fourth Coalition against France.
Hobart, capital of Tasmania, is founded.
HMS Lutine sinks with the loss of 240 men and a cargo worth £1,200,000.
A severe earthquake in northern Algeria causes severe damage and a tsunami in the Mediterranean Sea and kills three thousand.
American Revolutionary War: A combined Franco-American assault on British defenses during the Siege of Savannah is repulsed with heavy casualties.
Seven Years' War: Russian and Austrian troops briefly occupy Berlin.
Dutch colonists and Javanese natives begin a massacre of the ethnic Chinese population in Batavia, eventually killing at least 10,000.
Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya.
The Collegiate School of Connecticut (later renamed Yale University) is chartered in Old Saybrook.
Roger Williams is banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony after religious and policy disagreements.
Kepler's Supernova is the most recent supernova to be observed within the Milky Way.
Troops of the Portuguese Empire are defeated on Sri Lanka, bringing an end to the Campaign of Danture.
The Hangul alphabet is published in Korea.
The first known mention of the Prague astronomical clock.
James I of Aragon founds the Kingdom of Valencia.
Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned kings of the Franks.
Ben Shelton, American tennis player
Kyla Leibel, Canadian swimmer
Penei Sewell, American football player
Jharrel Jerome, American actor
Megan Moroney, American singer-songwriter.
Jacob Batalon, Filipino-American actor
Bella Hadid, American model
Jodelle Ferland, Canadian actress
Ani Amiraghyan, Armenian tennis player
Lauren Davis, American tennis player
Jayden Hodges, Australian rugby league player
George Kittle, American football player
Scotty McCreery, American singer and songwriter
Wesley So, Filipino-American chess grandmaster
Jerian Grant, American basketball player
Sam Mewis, American soccer player
Tyler James Williams, American actor
Kevin Kampl, German-Slovene footballer
Jake Lamb, American baseball player
Russell Packer, New Zealand rugby league player
Starling Marte, Dominican baseball player
David Tyrrell, Australian rugby league player
Craig Brackins, American basketball player
Samantha Murray Sharan, British tennis player
Henry Walker, American basketball player
Derek Holland, American baseball player
Laure Manaudou, French swimmer
David Phelps, American baseball player
Jan Christian Vestre, Norwegian businessman and politician
Stephane Zubar, French footballer
David Plummer, American swimmer
Marie Kondo, Japanese author and television presenter
Farhaan Behardien, South African cricketer
Trevor Daley, Canadian ice hockey player
Stephen Gionta, American ice hockey player
Spencer Grammer, American actress
Jang Mi-ran, South Korean weightlifter
Andreas Zuber, Austrian race car driver
Zachery Ty Bryan, American actor
Darius Miles, American basketball player
Lucy Akello, Ugandan social worker and politician
Filip Bobek, Polish actor
Sarah Lovell, Australian politician
Thami Tsolekile, South African cricketer
Henrik Zetterberg, Swedish ice hockey player
Vernon Fox, American football player and coach
Alex Greenwald, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
Todd Kelly, Australian race car driver
Lecrae, American rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, and actor
Chris O'Dowd, Irish actor, producer, and screenwriter
Brandon Routh, American model and actor
Gonzalo Sorondo, Uruguayan footballer
Nicky Byrne, Irish singer-songwriter
Juan Dixon, American basketball player and coach
Emanuele Belardi, Italian footballer
Brian Roberts, American baseball player
William Alexander, American author and educator
Stephen Neal, American football player
Lee Peacock, Scottish footballer and coach
Özlem Türköne, Turkish journalist and politician
Nick Swardson, American actor and comedian
Haylie Ecker, Australian violinist
Sean Lennon, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor
Mark Viduka, Australian footballer
Keith Booth, American basketball player and coach
Shmuel Herzfeld, American rabbi
Steve Burns, American actor, television host and musician
Fabio Lione, Italian singer-songwriter and keyboard player
Wayne Bartrim, Australian rugby league player and coach
Sian Evans, Welsh singer
Kenny Anderson, American basketball player and coach
Steve Jablonsky, American composer
Annika Sörenstam, Swedish golfer and architect
Darren Britt, Australian rugby league player
Simon Fairweather, Australian archer
PJ Harvey, English musician, singer-songwriter, writer, poet, and composer
Christine Hough, Canadian figure skater and coach
Giles Martin, English songwriter and producer
Steve McQueen, English director, producer, and screenwriter
Guto Bebb, Welsh businessman and politician
Anbumani Ramadoss, Indian politician
Carling Bassett-Seguso, Canadian tennis player
Eddie Guerrero, American wrestler (died 2005)
Gheorghe Popescu, Romanian footballer
David Cameron, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
Christopher Östlund, Swedish publisher, founded Plaza Magazine
Jimbo Fisher, American football player and coach
Guillermo del Toro, Mexican-American director, producer, and screenwriter
Martín Jaite, Argentine tennis player
Andy Platt, English rugby league player
Jorge Burruchaga, Argentinian footballer and manager
Paul Radisich, New Zealand race car driver
Hugh Robertson, English soldier and politician, Minister for Sport and the Olympics
Ōnokuni Yasushi, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 62nd Yokozuna
Julian Bailey, English race car driver and sportscaster
Kurt Neumann, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
Ellen Wheeler, American actress, director, and producer
Kenny Garrett, American saxophonist and composer
Boris Nemtsov, Russian academic and politician, First Deputy Prime Minister of Russia (died 2015)
Al Jourgensen, Cuban-American singer-songwriter and producer
Alan Nunnelee, American lawyer and politician (died 2015)
Michael Paré, American actor
Mike Singletary, American football player and coach
Don Garber, American businessman
Ini Kamoze, Jamaican singer-songwriter
Linwood Boomer, Canadian actor, producer, and screenwriter
Steve Ovett, English runner and sportscaster
Peter Saville, English graphic designer and art director
Scott Bakula, American actor
James Fearnley, English musician
Rubén Magnano, Argentine-Italian basketball coach
John O'Hurley, American actor and game show host
Sally Burgess, South African-English soprano and educator
Hank Pfister, American tennis player
Tony Shalhoub, American actor and producer
Simon Drew, English illustrator
Sharon Osbourne, English television host and manager
John Rose, English businessman
Dennis Stratton, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
Robert Wuhl, American actor, comedian, and writer
Brian Downing, American baseball player
Yoshiyuki Konishi, Japanese fashion designer
Reichi Nakaido, Japanese singer and guitarist
Jody Williams, American academic and activist, Nobel Prize laureate
Mark Hopkinson, American mass murderer (died 1992)
Rod Temperton, English keyboard player, songwriter, and producer (died 2016)
Jackson Browne, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
John Gray, English cricketer and rugby player
John Doubleday, English sculptor and painter
France Gall, French singer (died 2018)
William E. McAnulty Jr., American lawyer and judge (died 2007)
Tony Zappone, American photographer and journalist
Amjad Ali Khan, Indian classical Sarod player
Taiguara, Uruguayan-Brazilian singer-songwriter (died 1996)
Rita Donaghy, Baroness Donaghy, English academic and politician
John Entwistle, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (died 2002)
Nona Hendryx, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
Douglas Kirby, American psychologist and author (died 2012)
Jimmy Montgomery, English footballer and coach
Mike Peters, American cartoonist
Michael Palmer, American physician and author (died 2013)
Brian Lamb, American broadcaster, founded C-SPAN
Trent Lott, American lawyer and politician
Omali Yeshitela, political activist and founder of the Uhuru Movement
Gordon J. Humphrey, American soldier, pilot, and politician
John Lennon, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (died 1980)
Joe Pepitone, American baseball player and coach (died 2023)
Nicholas Grimshaw, English architect and academic
John Pilger, Australian-English journalist, director, and producer (died 2023)
Stephen Sedley, English lawyer and judge
O. V. Wright, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 1980)
Heinz Fischer, Austrian academic and politician, 11th President of Austria
John Sutherland, English journalist, author, and academic
Brian Blessed, English actor
Mick Young, Australian politician (died 1996)
Prince Edward, Duke of Kent
Don McCullin, English photographer and journalist
Jill Ker Conway, Australian historian and author (died 2018)
Abdullah Ibrahim, South African pianist and composer
Peter Mansfield, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2017)
Melvin Sokolsky, American fashion photographer (died 2022)
Bill Tidy, English soldier and cartoonist (died 2023)
Tony Booth, English actor (died 2017)
Homer Smith, American football player and coach (died 2011)
Hank Lauricella, American football player, lieutenant, and politician (died 2014)
Einojuhani Rautavaara, Finnish composer and educator (died 2016)
John Margetson, English scholar and diplomat, British Ambassador to the Netherlands (died 2020)
Danièle Delorme, French actress and producer (died 2015)
Immanuvel Devendrar, Indian soldier (died 1957)
Arnie Risen, American basketball player (died 2012)
Donald Sinden, English actor (died 2014)
Léon Dion, Canadian political scientist and academic (died 1997)
Fyvush Finkel, American actor (died 2016)
Olga Guillot, Cuban-American singer (died 2010)
Michel Boisrond, French director and screenwriter (died 2002)
Tadeusz Różewicz, Polish poet and playwright (died 2014)
Jens Bjørneboe, Norwegian author and educator (died 1976)
Yusef Lateef, American saxophonist, composer, and educator (died 2013)
Jason Wingreen, American actor and screenwriter (died 2015)
E. Howard Hunt, American CIA officer and author (died 2007)
Charles Read, Australian air marshal (died 2014)
Bebo Valdés, Cuban-Swedish pianist, composer, and bandleader (died 2013)
Clifford M. Hardin, American academic and politician, 17th United States Secretary of Agriculture (died 2010)
Belva Plain, American author (died 2010)
Edward Andrews, American actor (died 1985)
Joe Rosenthal, American photographer (died 2006)
Donald Coggan, English archbishop (died 2000)
Harry Hooton, Australian poet and critic (died 1961)
Werner von Haeften, German lieutenant (died 1944)
Lee Wiley, American singer (died 1975)
Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone, English academic and politician, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain (died 2001)
Jacques Tati, French actor, director, and screenwriter (died 1982)
Horst Wessel, German SA officer (died 1930)
J. R. Eyerman, American photographer and journalist (died 1985)
Léopold Sédar Senghor, Senegalese poet and politician, 1st President of Senegal (died 2001)
Walter O'Malley, American lawyer and businessman (died 1979)
Freddie Young, English cinematographer (died 1998)
Alice Lee Jemison, Seneca political activist and journalist (died 1964)
Joseph Friedman, American inventor (died 1982)
Alastair Sim, Scottish-English actor and academic (died 1976)
Joseph Zubin, Lithuanian-American psychologist and academic (died 1990)
Bruce Catton, American historian and author (died 1978)
Tawfiq al-Hakim, Egyptian author and playwright (died 1987)
Joe Sewell, American baseball player (died 1990)
M. Bhaktavatsalam, Indian lawyer and politician, 6th Chief Minister of Madras State (died 1987)
Eugene Bullard, American pilot (died 1961)
Mário de Andrade, Brazilian author, poet, and photographer (died 1945)
Ivo Andrić, Yugoslav novelist, poet, and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1975)
Aimee Semple McPherson, Canadian-American evangelist, founded the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel (died 1944)
Nikolai Bukharin, Russian journalist and politician (died 1938)
Irving Cummings, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (died 1959)
Rube Marquard, American baseball player and manager (died 1980)
Maria Filotti, Greek-Romanian actress (died 1956)
Charlie Faust, American baseball player (died 1915)
Max von Laue, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1960)
Gopabandhu Das, Indian journalist, poet, and activist (died 1928)
Nicholas Roerich, Russian archaeologist and painter (died 1947)
Carl Flesch, Hungarian violinist and educator (died 1944)
Karl Schwarzschild, German physicist and astronomer (died 1916)
Charles Rudolph Walgreen, American pharmacist and businessman, founded Walgreens (died 1939)
Georges Gauthier, Canadian archbishop (died 1940)
Reginald Dyer, British brigadier general (died 1927)
Edward Bok, Dutch-American journalist and author (died 1930)
Alfred Dreyfus, French colonel (died 1935)
Mihajlo Pupin, Serbian-American physicist and chemist (died 1935)
Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1919)
Hermann von Ihering, German-Brazilian zoologist (died 1930)
Carl Gustav Thulin, Swedish shipowner (died 1918)
Simeon Solomon, English painter (died 1905)
Francis Wayland Parker, American theorist and academic (died 1902)
Camille Saint-Saëns, French composer and conductor (died 1921)
Agathon Meurman, Finnish politician and journalist (died 1909)
Mary Ann Shadd, American-Canadian abolitionist (died 1893)
Joseph Bonomi the Younger, British Egyptologist and sculptor (died 1878)
Charles X of France (died 1836)
Johann Andreas Segner, German mathematician, physicist, and physician (died 1777)
Ferdinand Verbiest, Flemish Jesuit missionary in China (died 1688)
Thomas Weston, 4th Earl of Portland, English noble (died 1688)
Nicolaes Tulp, Dutch anatomist and politician (died 1674)
Leopold V, Archduke of Austria (died 1632)
Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac, French mathematician, poet, and scholar (died 1638)
Peter I of Cyprus (died 1369)
Denis of Portugal (died 1325)
Salimbene di Adam, Italian historian and scholar (died 1290)
Robert de Sorbon, French minister and theologian, founded the Collège de Sorbonne (died 1274)
George Baldock, British-born Greek international footballer (born 1993)
Dieter Burdenski, German footballer (born 1950)
Lily Ebert, Hungarian-born Holocaust survivor (born 1923)
Lee Wei Ling, Singaporean neurologist (born 1955)
Clark R. Rasmussen, American politician (born 1934)
Leif Segerstam, Finnish conductor and composer (born 1944)
Ratan Tata, Indian businessman and philanthropist (born 1937)
Jean Rochefort, French actor (born 1930)
Andrzej Wajda, Polish film and theatre director (born 1926)
Ray Duncan, American businessman (born 1930)
Richard F. Heck, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1931)
Geoffrey Howe, Welsh lawyer and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1926)
Ravindra Jain, Indian composer and director (born 1944)
Boris Buzančić, Croatian actor and politician, 47th Mayor of Zagreb (born 1929)
Jan Hooks, American actress and comedienne (born 1957)
Carolyn Kizer, American poet and academic (born 1925)
Peter A. Peyser, American soldier and politician (born 1921)
Rita Shane, American soprano and educator (born 1936)
Solomon Lar, Nigerian educator and politician, 4th Governor of Plateau State (born 1933)
Srihari, Indian actor (born 1964)
Wilfried Martens, Belgian lawyer and politician, 60th Prime Minister of Belgium (born 1936)
Edmund Niziurski, Polish sociologist, lawyer, and author (born 1925)
Sammi Kane Kraft, American actress (born 1992)
Kenny Rollins, American basketball player (born 1923)
Harris Savides, American cinematographer (born 1957)
Pavel Karelin, Russian ski jumper (born 1989)
Maurice Allais, French economist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1911)
Stuart M. Kaminsky, American author and educator (born 1934)
John Daido Loori, American Zen Buddhist monastic and teacher (born 1931)
Horst Szymaniak, German footballer (born 1934)
Enrico Banducci, American businessman, founded hungry i (born 1922)
Carol Bruce, American actress and singer (born 1919)
Danièle Huillet, French filmmaker (born 1933)
Paul Hunter, English snooker player (born 1978)
Kanshi Ram, Indian lawyer and politician (born 1934)
Louis Nye, American actor (born 1913)
Jacques Derrida, Algerian-French philosopher and academic (born 1930)
Carolyn Gold Heilbrun, American author and academic (born 1926)
Carl Fontana, American jazz trombonist (born 1928)
Sopubek Begaliev, Kyrgyzstani economist and politician (born 1931)
Charles Guggenheim, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1924)
Herbert Ross, American director, producer, and choreographer (born 1927)
David Dukes, American actor (born 1945)
Patrick Anthony Porteous, Indian-Scottish colonel, Victoria Cross recipient (born 1918)
Milt Jackson, American vibraphone player and composer (born 1923)
Akhtar Hameed Khan, Pakistani economist and scholar (born 1914)
Walter Kerr, American author, composer, and critic (born 1913)
Alec Douglas-Home, British cricketer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1903)
Yusuf Atılgan, Turkish author and playwright (born 1921)
Penny Lernoux, American journalist and author (born 1940)
Felix Wankel, German engineer, invented the Wankel engine (born 1902)
Clare Boothe Luce, American author, playwright, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Italy (born 1903)
William P. Murphy, American physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1892)
Emílio Garrastazu Médici, Brazilian general and politician, 28th President of Brazil (born 1905)
Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt, German historian and physician (born 1893)
Jacques Brel, Belgian singer-songwriter and actor (born 1929)
Walter Warlimont, German general (born 1894)
Noon Meem Rashid, Pakistani poet (born 1910)
Oskar Schindler, Czech-German businessman (born 1908)
Miriam Hopkins, American actress (born 1902)
Don Hoak, American baseball player (born 1928)
Che Guevara, Argentinian-Cuban physician, politician and guerrilla leader (born 1928)
Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1897)
André Maurois, French soldier and author (born 1885)
Joseph Pilates, German-American fitness trainer, developed Pilates (born 1883)
Milan Vidmar, Slovenian chess player and engineer (born 1885)
Shirō Ishii, Japanese general and biologist (born 1892)
Pope Pius XII (born 1876)
John Boland, American politician (born 1884)
Marie Doro, American actress (born 1882)
Theodor Innitzer, Austrian cardinal (born 1875)
James Finlayson, Scottish-American actor (born 1887)
George Hainsworth, Canadian ice hockey player and politician (born 1895)
Yukio Sakurauchi, Japanese businessman and politician, 27th Japanese Minister of Finance (born 1888)
Frank Castleman, American football player, baseball player, and coach (born 1877)
Gottlieb Hering, German captain (born 1887)
Stefanina Moro, Italian partisan (born 1927)
Pieter Zeeman, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1865)
Helen Morgan, American singer and actress (born 1900)
Wilfred Grenfell, English-American physician and missionary (born 1865)
Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse (born 1868)
Alexander I of Yugoslavia, King of Yugoslavia also known as Alexander the Unifier (born 1888)
Louis Barthou, French union leader and politician, 78th Prime Minister of France (born 1862)
Evald Relander, Finnish teacher, agronomist and banker (born 1856)
Valery Bryusov, Russian author, poet, and critic (born 1873)
Jack Daniel, American businessman, founded Jack Daniel's (born 1849)
Henriette Wulfsberg, Norwegian school owner and writer (born 1843)
Heinrich von Herzogenberg, Austrian composer and conductor (born 1843)
Jan Heemskerk, Dutch lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (born 1818)
George Ormerod, English historian and author (born 1785)
Ioannis Kapodistrias, Russian-Greek lawyer and politician, Governor of Greece (born 1776)
John Claiborne, American lawyer and politician (born 1777)
Benjamin Banneker, American astronomer and surveyor (born 1731)
Vilna Gaon, Lithuanian rabbi and scholar (born 1720)
Jean Joseph Marie Amiot, French missionary and linguist (born 1718)
Richard Blackmore, English physician and poet (born 1654)
William Sacheverell, English politician (born 1638)
Joseph Pardo, Italian rabbi and merchant (born 1561)
Henry Constable, English poet (born 1562)
Louis Bertrand, Spanish missionary and saint (born 1526)
Vladimir of Staritsa (born 1533)
Gabriele Falloppio, Italian anatomist and physician (born 1523)
Justus Jonas, German academic and reformer (born 1493)
John I of Castile (born 1358)
Louis III, Duke of Bavaria (born 1269)
Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany (born 1227)
Robert Grosseteste, English bishop and philosopher (born 1175)
Philip I of Namur, Marquis of Namur (born 1175)
Pope Clement II
Al-Tirmidhi, Persian scholar and hadith compiler (born 824)
Ghislain, Frankish anchorite and saint
Christian feast day: Abraham
Christian feast day: Denis
Christian feast day: Dionysius the Areopagite
Christian feast day: Ghislain
Christian feast day: Innocencio of Mary Immaculate and Martyrs of Asturias
Christian feast day: John Henry Newman
Christian feast day: John Leonardi
Christian feast day: Luis Beltran
Christian feast day: Robert Grosseteste (Church of England)
Christian feast day: Wilfred Grenfell (Episcopal Church (USA))
Christian feast day: October 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Fire Prevention Day (Canada, United States)
Hangul Day (South Korea)
Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Uganda from United Kingdom in 1962. (Uganda)
Independence of Guayaquil from Spain in 1820 (Ecuador)
Leif Erikson Day (United States, Iceland and Norway)
National Day of Commemorating the Holocaust (Romania)
National Nanotechnology Day (United States)
Takayama Autumn Festival (Takayama, Japan)
World Post Day
Indian Foreign Service Day