Twelve people were killed in an apartment-building collapse in Medellín, leading to new construction laws being passed in Colombia.
An earthquake with a magnitude of 5.8 or 5.9 struck south of Cairo, Egypt, killing 545 people.
The Provisional Irish Republican Army detonated a bomb at the Grand Hotel in Brighton, England, in a failed attempt to assassinate British prime minister Margaret Thatcher and her cabinet.
Typhoon Tip, the largest and most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded, reached a worldwide record-low sea-level pressure of 870 mbar (25.69 inHg) in the western Pacific Ocean.
While in prison for murder, boxer James Scott defeated Eddie "The Flame" Gregory, a leading light heavyweight.
Japan Socialist Party leader Inejirō Asanuma was assassinated during a live television recording by a man using a samurai sword.
Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev reportedly pounded his shoe on a desk during a meeting of the United Nations General Assembly in protest at a speech by Philippine delegate Lorenzo Sumulong.
Il Canto degli Italiani is adopted as national anthem by the newly formed Italian Republic.
The United States Department of Justice acquired a military prison on Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay, to be transformed into the last-resort Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary.
The iron lung (example pictured), a type of medical ventilator, was used for the first time at the Boston Children's Hospital to treat an eight-year-old girl paralyzed by polio.
First World War: New Zealand troops suffered more than 2,000 casualties, including more than 800 deaths, in the First Battle of Passchendaele (pictured), making it the nation's largest loss of life in one day.
The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States was first used in public schools to coincide with the opening of the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago.
The Uddevalla Suffrage Association was founded in Uddevalla, Sweden, with the purpose of bringing about universal suffrage.
Jeanne Geneviève Garnerin became the first woman to make a parachute descent, falling 900 metres (3,000 ft) in the gondola of a hot air balloon.
The Peasants' War began in Overmere, Southern Netherlands, with peasants taking up arms against the French occupiers.
Believing he had reached the East Indies, Christopher Columbus made landfall on an island in the Caribbean, sparking a series of events that led to the European colonization of the Americas.
Chen Yanxiang, the only person from Indonesia known to have visited dynastic Korea, reached Seoul after having set out from Java four months before.
The Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas the Great and the Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights Konrad von Jungingen signed the Treaty of Salynas, the third attempt to cede Samogitia to the Knights.
2022 Bratislava shooting, killing 3 (including the perpetrator) and injuring one. The shooting occurred outside of a gay bar in Bratislava known as Tepláreň. Two people (excluding the perpetrator) died as a result of the shooting. Juraj Vankulič, a non-binary person, and Matúš Horváth, a bisexual man. The perpetrator (Juraj Krajčík) was found dead due to a self inflicted gunshot the morning after the attack.
Typhoon Hagibis makes landfall in Japan, killing 10 and forcing the evacuation of one million people.
Eliud Kipchoge from Kenya becomes the first person to run a marathon in less than two hours with a time of 1:59:40 in Vienna.
The Hard Rock Hotel in New Orleans, which is under construction, collapses, killing three workers and injuring 30 others.
Princess Eugenie marries Jack Brooksbank at St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle.
The United States announces its decision to withdraw from UNESCO. Israel immediately follows.
An apartment building collapse in Medellín, Colombia results in the deaths of twelve people.
The European Union wins the 2012 Nobel Peace Prize.
The Finnish Yle TV2 channel's Ajankohtainen kakkonen current affairs program airs controversial Homoilta episode (literally "gay night"), which leads to the resignation of almost 50,000 Finns from the Evangelical Lutheran Church.
The second Chinese human spaceflight, Shenzhou 6, is launched, carrying two cosmonauts in orbit for five days.
Terrorists detonate bombs in two nightclubs in Kuta, Bali, Indonesia, killing 202 and wounding over 200.
The USS Cole, a US Navy destroyer, is badly damaged by two al-Qaeda suicide bombers, killing 17 crew members and wounding at least 39.
Pervez Musharraf takes power in Pakistan from Nawaz Sharif through a bloodless coup.
The former Autonomous Soviet Republic of Abkhazia declares its independence from Georgia.
Matthew Shepard, a gay student at University of Wyoming, dies five days after he was beaten outside of Laramie.
The Sidi Daoud massacre in Algeria kills 43 people at a fake roadblock.
New Zealand holds its first general election under the new mixed-member proportional representation system, which led to Jim Bolger's National Party forming a coalition government with Winston Peters's New Zealand First.
The Magellan spacecraft burns up in the atmosphere of Venus.
Iran Aseman Airlines Flight 746 crashes near Natanz, Iran, killing all 66 people on board.
A 5.8 earthquake occurred in Cairo, Egypt. At least 510 died.
Two officers of the Victoria Police are gunned down execution-style in the Walsh Street police shootings, Australia.
The Provisional Irish Republican Army fail to assassinate Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and her cabinet. The bomb kills five people and wounds at least 31 others.
Japan's former Prime Minister Tanaka Kakuei is found guilty of taking a $2 million bribe from the Lockheed Corporation, and is sentenced to four years in jail.
Typhoon Tip becomes the largest and most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded.
Hua Guofeng succeeds Mao Zedong as paramount leader of China.
Indian Airlines Flight 171 crashes at Santacruz Airport in Bombay, India, killing 95.
President Nixon nominates House Minority Leader Gerald R. Ford as the successor to Vice President Spiro T. Agnew.
The 2,500 year celebration of the Persian Empire begins.
Vietnam War: Vietnamization continues as President Richard Nixon announces that the United States will withdraw 40,000 more troops before Christmas.
Equatorial Guinea becomes independent from Spain.
A bomb explodes on board Cyprus Airways Flight 284 while flying over the Mediterranean Sea, killing 66.
The Soviet Union launches the Voskhod 1 into Earth orbit as the first spacecraft with a multi-person crew, and the first flight without pressure suits.
After nearly 23 years of imprisonment, Reverend Walter Ciszek, a Jesuit missionary, was released from the Soviet Union.
The Columbus Day Storm strikes the U.S. Pacific Northwest with record wind velocities. There was at least U.S. $230 million in damages and 46 people died.
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev pounds his shoe on a desk at the United Nations to protest a Philippine assertion.
At the national congress of the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance in Peru, a group of leftist radicals are expelled from the party who later form APRA Rebelde.
World War II: Desmond Doss is the first conscientious objector to receive the U.S. Medal of Honor.
The Lao Issara took control of Laos' government and reaffirmed the country's independence.
World War II: The Axis occupation of Athens comes to an end.
The military Alcatraz Citadel becomes the civilian Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary.
An iron lung respirator is used for the first time at Boston Children's Hospital.
A massive forest fire kills 453 people in Minnesota.
World War I: The First Battle of Passchendaele takes place resulting in the largest single-day loss of life in New Zealand history.
World War I: British nurse Edith Cavell is executed by a German firing squad for helping Allied soldiers escape from occupied Belgium.
Foundation of Coritiba Foot Ball Club.
President Theodore Roosevelt officially renames the "Executive Mansion" to the White House.
The Pledge of Allegiance is first recited by students in many US public schools.
Uddevalla Suffrage Association is formed.
The British in India enact the Criminal Tribes Act, naming many local communities "Criminal Tribes".
An M 7.7–8.3 earthquake off the Greek island of Crete cause major damage as far as Egypt and Malta.
The city of Manizales, Colombia, is founded by 'The Expedition of the 20'.
Pedro I of Brazil is proclaimed the emperor.
The citizens of Munich hold the first Oktoberfest in celebration of the marriage of Crown Prince Louis of Bavaria and Princess Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen.
Jeanne Geneviève Labrosse becomes the first woman to jump from a balloon with a parachute.
Flemish and Luxembourgish peasants launch the rebellion against French rule known as the Peasants' War.
The cornerstone of Old East, the oldest state university building in the United States, is laid at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
The first celebration of Columbus Day is held in New York City.
America's first insane asylum opens.
War of Jenkins' Ear: A British squadron wins a tactical victory over a Spanish squadron off Havana.
The Salem witch trials are ended by a letter from Province of Massachusetts Bay Governor William Phips.
The Delft Explosion devastates the city in the Netherlands, killing more than 100 people.
Christopher Columbus's first expedition makes landfall in the Caribbean, specifically on San Salvador Island. (Julian calendar)
Chen Yanxiang, the only person from Indonesia known to have visited dynastic Korea, reaches Seoul after having set out from Java four months before.
In the Treaty of Salynas, Lithuania cedes Samogitia to the Teutonic Knights.
The Nichiren Shōshū branch of Buddhism is founded in Japan.
Battle of Hatfield Chase: King Edwin of Northumbria is defeated and killed by an alliance under Penda of Mercia and Cadwallon of Gwynedd.
The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia conquer Babylon, ending the Babylonian empire. (Julian calendar)
Darci Lynne, American ventriloquist
Iris Apatow, American actress
Jongho, South Korean singer and actor
Ferdia Walsh-Peelo, Irish actor and musician
Curtis Scott, Australian rugby league player
James Graham, British singer
Owen Watkin, Welsh rugby player
Jessica Hogg, Welsh artistic gymnast
Sean Monahan, Canadian ice hockey player
Olivia Smoliga, American swimmer
Ketel Marte, Dominican baseball player
Josh Hutcherson, American actor and producer
Nicolao Dumitru, Italian footballer
Henri Lansbury, English footballer
Anna Ohmiya, Japanese curler
Sam Whitelock, New Zealand rugby player
Calum Scott, British singer
Marvin Ogunjimi, Belgian footballer
Ioannis Maniatis, Greek footballer
Sergio Peter, German footballer
Cristhian Stuani, Uruguayan footballer
Tyler Blackburn, American actor
Michelle Carter, American shot putter
Mike Green, Canadian hockey player
Anna Iljuštšenko, Estonian high jumper
Greig Laidlaw, Scottish rugby player
Carl Söderberg, Swedish ice hockey player
Alex Brosque, Australian footballer
Carlton Cole, English footballer
Katie Piper, English philanthropist, broadcaster, and acid violence survivor
Mariko Yamamoto, Japanese cricketer
Tom Guiry, American actor
Marcel Hossa, Slovak ice hockey player
Brian Kerr, Scottish footballer and manager
Giuseppe Lanzone, American rower
Brian J. Smith, American actor
Conrad Smith, New Zealand rugby player
Sun Tiantian, Chinese tennis player
Ledley King, English footballer
Ann Wauters, Belgian basketball player
Steven Agnew, Northern Irish politician
Steve Borthwick, English rugby player
Jordan Pundik, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
Stefan Binder, German footballer
Baden Cooke, Australian cyclist
Marko Jarić, Serbian basketball player
Cristie Kerr, American golfer
Bode Miller, American skier
Javier Toyo, Venezuelan footballer
Simon Bridges, New Zealand politician
Susana Félix, Portuguese singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
Marion Jones, American basketball player and runner
Randy Robitaille, Canadian ice hockey player
Stephen Lee, English snooker player
Lesli Brea, Dominican baseball player
Martin Corry, English rugby player
Juan Manuel Silva, Argentinian race car driver
Tom Van Mol, Belgian footballer
Tony Fiore, American baseball player
Steve Johnston, Australian motorcycle racer
Bronzell Miller, American football player and actor (died 2013)
Kirk Cameron, American actor, screenwriter, and Christian evangelical/anti-evolution activist
Patrick Musimu, Belgian diver and physiotherapist (died 2011)
Tanyon Sturtze, American baseball player
Charlie Ward, American basketball player and coach
Martie Maguire, American singer-songwriter, violinist, and producer
Željko Milinovič, Slovenian footballer
Dwayne Roloson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
José Valentín, American baseball player, coach, and manager
Bill Auberlen, American race car driver
Paul Harragon, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
Hugh Jackman, Australian actor, singer, and producer
Leon Lett, American football player
Adam Rich, American actor (died 2023)
Becky Iverson, American golfer
Jonathan Crombie, Canadian actor and voice over artist (died 2015)
Wim Jonk, Dutch footballer
Brian Kennedy, Northern Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist
Brenda Romero, American game designer
Dan Abnett, English author
Chris Chandler, American football player
J. J. Daigneault, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
Scott O'Grady, American captain and pilot
Raimond Aumann, German footballer
Hideki Fujisawa, Japanese composer
Satoshi Kon, Japanese animator and screenwriter (died 2010)
Dave Legeno, English actor and mixed martial artist (died 2014)
Alan McDonald, Irish footballer and manager (died 2012)
Luis Polonia, Dominican baseball player
Carlos Bernard, American actor and director
Michelle Botes, South African actress (died 2024)
Chris Botti, American trumpet player and composer
John Coleman, English footballer and manager
Branko Crvenkovski, Macedonian engineer and politician, 3rd President of the Republic of Macedonia
Deborah Foreman, American actress and photographer
Mads Eriksen, Norwegian guitarist and composer
Chendo, Spanish footballer
Steve Lowery, American golfer
Carlo Perrone, Italian footballer and manager
Hiroyuki Sanada, Japanese actor and martial artist
Dorothee Vieth, German Paralympic cyclist
Anna Escobedo Cabral, American lawyer and politician, 42nd Treasurer of the United States
Steve Austria, American lawyer and politician
Maria de Fátima Silva de Sequeira Dias, Portuguese historian, author, and academic (died 2013)
Jeff Keith, American rock singer-songwriter
Bryn Merrick, Welsh bass player (died 2015)
Clémentine Célarié, French actress, singer, and director
Serge Clerc, French comic book artist and illustrator
Mike Dowler, Welsh football goalkeeper
Annik Honoré, Belgian journalist and music promoter (died 2014)
William F. Laurance, Australian biologist
Rafael Ábalos, Spanish author
Allan Evans, Scottish footballer
Lutz Haueisen, German cyclist
Catherine Holmes, Australian judge
Gerti Schanderl, German figure skater
David Vanian, English singer-songwriter
Einar Jan Aas, Norwegian footballer
Pat DiNizio, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2017)
Ante Gotovina, Croatian general
Jane Siberry, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer
Evalie A. Bradley, Anguillian politician and member of the House of Assembly of Anguilla
Massimo Ghini, Italian actor
Michael Roe, American singer, songwriter, and record producer
Linval Thompson, Jamaican singer and producer
Les Dennis, English comedian and actor
David Threlfall, English actor and director
Trevor Chappell, Australian cricketer and coach
Béla Csécsei, Hungarian educator and politician (died 2012)
Roger Heath-Brown, English mathematician and theorist
Sally Little, South African-American golfer
Ed Royce, American businessman and politician
Norio Suzuki, Japanese golfer
Susan Anton, American actress and model
Dave Freudenthal, American economist and politician, 31st Governor of Wyoming
Dave Lloyd, English cyclist and coach
Carlos the Jackal, Venezuelan terrorist
Barclay Shaw, American artist
Paul Went, English footballer and manager (died 2017)
John Engler, American businessman and politician, 46th Governor of Michigan
Rick Parfitt, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2016)
Chris Wallace, American journalist
Drew Edmondson, American politician
Ashok Mankad, Indian cricketer (died 2008)
Daryl Runswick, English bassist and composer
Aurore Clément, French actress
Dusty Rhodes, American wrestler (died 2015)
Angela Rippon, English journalist and author
Kostas Tsakonas, Greek actor (died 2015)
Melvin Franklin, American soul bass singer (died 1995)
Michael Mansfield, English lawyer, academic, and republican
Paul Hawkins, Australian race car driver (died 1969)
Robert Mangold, American painter
Don Howe, English footballer and manager (died 2015)
Tony Kubek, American baseball player and sportscaster
Sam Moore, American soul singer-songwriter (died 2025)
Shivraj Patil, Indian lawyer and politician, Indian Minister of Defence
Luciano Pavarotti, Italian tenor and actor (died 2007)
James "Sugar Boy" Crawford, American singer-songwriter and pianist (died 2012)
Richard Meier, American architect, designed the Getty Center and City Tower
Albert Shiryaev, Russian mathematician and academic
Oğuz Atay, Turkish engineer and author (died 1977)
Constantine Manos, Greek-born American photographer (died 2025)
Guido Molinari, Canadian painter and art collector (died 2004)
Dick Gregory, American comedian, actor, and author (died 2017)
Ned Jarrett, American race car driver and sportscaster
Ole-Johan Dahl, Norwegian computer scientist and academic, co-developed Simula (died 2002)
Denis Brodeur, Canadian ice hockey player and photographer (died 2013)
Milica Kacin Wohinz, Slovenian historian and author (died 2021)
Nappy Brown, American R&B singer-songwriter (died 2008)
Robert Coles, American psychologist, author, and academic
Magnus Magnusson, Icelandic journalist and academic (died 2007)
Al Held, American painter and academic (died 2005)
Domna Samiou, Greek singer and musicologist (died 2012)
Eliška Misáková, Czech gymnast (died 1948)
Denis Lazure, Canadian psychiatrist and politician (died 2008)
Leonidas Kyrkos, Greek politician (died 2011)
Jean Nidetch, American businesswoman, co-founded Weight Watchers (died 2015)
Goody Petronelli, American boxer, trainer, and manager (died 2012)
William H. Sullivan, American soldier and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the Philippines (died 2013)
Art Clokey, American animator, producer, screenwriter, and voice actor, created Gumby (died 2010)
Jaroslav Drobný, Czech-English tennis player and ice hockey player (died 2001)
Logie Bruce Lockhart, Scottish rugby player and journalist (died 2020)
Christopher Soames, English politician and diplomat, Governor of Southern Rhodesia (died 1987)
Gilles Beaudoin, Canadian politician, 34th Mayor of Trois-Rivières (died 2007)
Doris Miller, American cook and soldier (died 1943)
Roque Máspoli, Uruguayan footballer and manager (died 2004)
James Phillip McAuley, Australian Poet (died 1976)
Alice Childress, American actress and playwright (died 1994)
Lock Martin, American actor (died 1959)
John E. Hodge, African-American chemist (died 1996)
Alice Chetwynd Ley, English author and educator (died 2004)
Muhammad Shamsul Huq, Bangladeshi academic and former Minister of Foreign Affairs (died 2006)
Vijay Merchant, Indian cricketer (died 1987)
Robert Fitzgerald, American poet, critic, and translator (died 1985)
Malcolm Renfrew, American chemist and academic (died 2013)
Dorothy Livesay, Canadian poet (died 1996)
Paul Engle, American novelist, poet, playwright, and critic (died 1991)
Ann Petry, American novelist (died 1997)
Joe Cronin, American baseball player and manager (died 1984)
John Murray, American playwright and producer (died 1984)
Piero Taruffi, Italian race car driver and motorcycle racer (died 1988)
Lester Dent, American journalist and author (died 1959)
Anthony F. DePalma, American orthopedic surgeon and professor (died 2005)
Ding Ling, Chinese author and educator (died 1986)
Josephine Hutchinson, American actress (died 1998)
Eugenio Montale, Italian poet and translator, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1981)
Elisabeth of Romania, queen consort of Greece (died 1956)
Velvalee Dickinson, American spy (died 1980)
Gilda dalla Rizza, Italian soprano and actress (died 1975)
Edith Stein, Polish nun and martyr; later canonized (died 1942)
Fumimaro Konoe, Japanese soldier and politician, 39th Prime Minister of Japan (died 1945)
Dietrich von Hildebrand, German Catholic philosopher and author (died 1977)
Louis Hémon, French-Canadian author (died 1913)
Kullervo Manner, Finnish Speaker of the Parliament, the Prime Minister of the FSWR and the Supreme Commander of the Red Guards (died 1939)
Truxtun Hare, American football player and hammer thrower (died 1956)
Aleister Crowley, English magician and author (died 1947)
Jimmy Burke, American baseball player and manager (died 1942)
Ralph Vaughan Williams, English composer and educator (died 1958)
August Horch, German engineer and businessman, founded Audi (died 1951)
Mariano Trías, Filipino general and politician, 1st Vice President of the Philippines (died 1914)
Ramsay MacDonald, Scottish journalist and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1937)
Arthur Harden, English biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1940)
Kamini Roy, British India's first female graduate, Bengali poet, social activist, and feminist writer (died 1933)
Elmer Ambrose Sperry, American engineer and businessman, co-invented the gyrocompass (died 1930)
Arthur Nikisch, Hungarian conductor and academic (died 1922)
Helena Modjeska, Polish-American actress (died 1909)
George Thorn, Australian politician, 6th Premier of Queensland (died 1905)
Kathinka Kraft, Norwegian memoirist (died 1895)
William J. Hardee, American general (died 1873)
Friedrich Frey-Herosé, Swiss lawyer and politician, 5th President of the Swiss Confederation (died 1873)
Pedro I, emperor of Brazil (died 1834)
Christian Gmelin, German chemist and pharmacist (died 1860)
Étienne Louis Geoffroy, French pharmacist and entomologist (died 1810)
Jonathan Trumbull, American colonel and politician, 16th Governor of Connecticut (died 1785)
Sylvius Leopold Weiss, German lute player and composer (died 1750)
Henry More, English philosopher (died 1687)
William Chillingworth, English scholar and theologian (died 1644)
Thomas Dudley, English-American soldier and politician, 3rd Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (died 1653)
Jacques Sirmond, French scholar and Jesuit (died 1651)
Maximilian III, archduke of Austria (died 1618)
Peregrine Bertie, 13th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, English diplomat (died 1601)
Edward VI, king of England (died 1553)
Asakura Yoshikage, Japanese ruler (died 1573)
Bernardo Pisano, Italian composer and priest (died 1548)
Dmitri Donskoi, Grand Duke of Moscow (died 1389)
Trần Thánh Tông, emperor of Vietnam (then Đại Việt) (died 1290)
Go-Ichijō, emperor of Japan (died 1036)
Jackmaster, Scottish DJ and record producer (born 1986)
Ka, American rapper (born 1972)
Lilly Ledbetter, American activist (born 1938)
Tito Mboweni, South African politician (born 1959)
Alvin Rakoff, Canadian film and television director (born 1927)
Alex Salmond, Scottish economist and politician, First Minister of Scotland (born 1954)
Baba Siddique, Indian politician (born 1958)
Luis Garavito, Colombian serial killer (born 1957)
Conchata Ferrell, American actress (born 1943)
Roberta McCain, American socialite and oil heiress (born 1912)
Margarita D'Amico, Venezuelan journalist (born 1938)
Abdallah Kigoda, Tanzanian politician, 8th Tanzanian Minister of Industry and Trade (born 1953)
Joan Leslie, American actress, dancer, and vaudevillian (born 1925)
Ali Mazrui, Kenyan-American political scientist, philosopher, and academic (born 1933)
Graham Miles, English snooker player (born 1941)
Roberto Telch, Argentinian footballer and coach (born 1943)
George Herbig, American astronomer and academic (born 1920)
Oscar Hijuelos, American author and academic (born 1951)
Hans Wilhelm Longva, Norwegian diplomat (born 1942)
Malcolm Renfrew, American chemist and academic (born 1910)
James Coyne, Canadian lawyer and banker, 2nd Governor of the Bank of Canada (born 1910)
Norm Grabowski, American hot rod builder and actor (born 1933)
Sukhdev Singh Kang, Indian judge and politician, 14th Governor of Kerala (born 1931)
Torkom Manoogian, Iraqi-Armenian patriarch (born 1919)
Erik Moseholm, Danish bassist, composer, and bandleader (born 1930)
Břetislav Pojar, Czech animator, director, and screenwriter (born 1923)
Patricia Breslin, American actress (born 1931)
Dennis Ritchie, American computer scientist, created the C programming language (born 1941)
Austin Ardill, Northern Irish soldier and politician (born 1917)
Woody Peoples, American football player (born 1943)
Belva Plain, American author (born 1919)
Dickie Peterson American singer-songwriter and bass player (born 1948)
Frank Vandenbroucke, Belgian cyclist (born 1974)
Karl Chircop, Maltese physician and politician (born 1965)
Kisho Kurokawa, Japanese architect, designed the Nakagin Capsule Tower (born 1934)
Angelika Machinek, German glider pilot (born 1956)
Eugène Martin, French race car driver (born 1915)
Gillo Pontecorvo, Italian director and screenwriter (born 1919)
Carlo Acutis, Italian programmer, known for his devotion to the Eucharist (born 1991)
C. Delores Tucker, American activist and politician (born 1927)
Jim Cairns, Australian economist and politician, 4th Deputy Prime Minister of Australia (born 1914)
Joan Kroc, American philanthropist (born 1928)
Bill Shoemaker, American jockey (born 1931)
Ray Conniff, American bandleader and composer (born 1916)
Audrey Mestre, French biologist and diver (born 1974)
Hilaire du Berrier, American-French aviator, mercenary, and writer (born 1906)
Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone, English academic and politician, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain (born 1907)
Hikmet Şimşek, Turkish conductor (born 1924)
Richard Buckle, Ballet critic and writer (born 1916)
Wilt Chamberlain, American basketball player and coach (born 1936)
Robert Marsden Hope, Australian lawyer and judge (born 1919)
Mario Beaulieu, Canadian lawyer and politician (born 1930)
Matthew Shepard, American murder victim (born 1976)
John Denver, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (born 1943)
René Lacoste, French tennis player and fashion designer, co-founded Lacoste (born 1904)
Roger Lapébie, French cyclist (born 1911)
Gérald Godin, Canadian journalist and politician (born 1938)
Leon Ames, American actor (born 1902)
Sheila Florance, Australian actress (born 1916)
Arkady Strugatsky, Russian author and translator (born 1925)
Regis Toomey, American actor (born 1898)
Rifaat el-Mahgoub, Egyptian politician (born 1926)
Peter Wessel Zapffe, Norwegian physician, mountaineer, and author (born 1899)
Jay Ward, American animator, producer, and screenwriter, founded Jay Ward Productions (born 1920)
Ruth Manning-Sanders, Welsh-English poet and author (born 1886)
Coby Whitmore, American painter and illustrator (born 1913)
Alf Landon, American lieutenant and politician, 26th Governor of Kansas (born 1887)
Fahri Korutürk, Turkish commander and politician, 6th President of Turkey (born 1903)
Johnny Olson, American radio host and game show announcer (born 1910)
Ricky Wilson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1953)
Anthony Berry, English politician (born 1925)
Nancy Spungen, American figure of the 1970s punk rock scene (born 1958)
Peter Aufschnaiter, Austrian mountaineer, geographer, and cartographer (born 1899)
Robert Le Vigan, French-Argentinian actor and politician (born 1900)
Dean Acheson, American lawyer and politician, 51st United States Secretary of State (born 1893)
Gene Vincent, American musician (born 1935)
Feodor Stepanovich Rojankovsky, Russian-American illustrator and painter (born 1891)
Mustafa Zaidi, Pakistani poet and academic (born 1930)
Sonja Henie, Norwegian figure skater and actress (born 1912)
Serge Poliakoff, Russian-French painter and academic (born 1906)
Julius Saaristo, Finnish javelin thrower and soldier (born 1891)
Ram Manohar Lohia, Indian activist and politician (born 1910)
Paul Hermann Müller, Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1899)
Inejiro Asanuma, Japanese lawyer and politician (born 1898)
Gordon Griffith, American actor, director, and producer (born 1907)
Arie de Jong, Indonesian-Dutch linguist and physician (born 1865)
Lorenzo Perosi, Italian composer and painter (born 1872)
George Welch, American soldier and pilot (born 1918)
Susan Sutherland Isaacs, English psychologist and psychoanalyst (born 1885)
Joseph Stilwell, American general (born 1883)
Tom Mix, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1880)
John Lister, English philanthropist and politician (born 1847)
Edwin Abbott Abbott, English theologian and author (born 1838)
Anatole France, French journalist, novelist, and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1844)
Bunny Lucas, English cricketer (born 1857)
Edith Cavell, English nurse (born 1865)
Margaret E. Knight, American inventor (born 1838)
Calvin Fairbank, American minister and activist (born 1816)
Christian Emil Krag-Juel-Vind-Frijs, Danish lawyer and politician, 9th Council President of Denmark (born 1817)
Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux, French sculptor and painter (born 1827)
Robert E. Lee, American general (born 1807)
Hiroshige, Japanese painter (born 1797)
Elizabeth Fry, English prison reformer, Quaker and philanthropist (born 1780)
Ioan Nicolidi of Pindus, Aromanian physician and noble (born 1737)
Juan José Castelli, Argentinian lawyer and politician (born 1764)
Richard Molesworth, 3rd Viscount Molesworth, Irish field marshal and politician (born 1680)
Frederick IV, king of Denmark and Norway (born 1671)
Christoph Ignaz Abele, Austrian lawyer and jurist (born 1628)
William Gurnall, English minister, theologian, and author (born 1617)
Edmund Berry Godfrey, English lawyer and judge (born 1621)
Carel Fabritius, Dutch painter (born 1622)
François de Bassompierre, French general and courtier (born 1579)
Kutsuki Mototsuna, Japanese commander (born 1549)
Nicholas Brend, English landowner (born 1560)
Luis de Molina, Spanish priest and philosopher (born 1535)
Kanō Eitoku, Japanese painter and educator (born 1543)
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1527)
Jean Ribault, French-American lieutenant and navigator (born 1520)
Piero della Francesca, Italian mathematician and painter (born 1415)
Fritz Herlen, German painter (born 1449)
Zhu Quan, Chinese prince, historian and playwright (born 1378)
Clementia of Hungary, queen consort of France and Navarre (born 1293)
Michael IX Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (born 1277)
William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel, English politician (born 1109)
Adolf III of Berg, German nobleman (born 1080)
Leopold II, margrave of Austria (born 1050)
Al-Muti, Abbasid caliph (born 913/14)
Tsunesada, Japanese prince (born 825)
John IV, pope of the Catholic Church
Honorius I, pope of the Catholic Church
Demosthenes, Athenian statesman, (born 384 BC)
Christian feast day: Blessed Louis Brisson
Christian feast day: Edith Cavell and Elizabeth Fry (Church of England)
Christian feast day: Fiacc
Christian feast day: Our Lady of the Pillar (Fiestas del Pilar)
Christian feast day: Our Lady of Aparecida
Christian feast day: Radim Gaudentius (Czech Republic)
Christian feast day: Seraphin of Montegranaro
Christian feast day: Wilfrid of Ripon
Christian feast day: Carlo Acutis
Christian feast day: October 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Children's Day (Brazil)
Discovery of America by Columbus-related observances (see also October 8): Columbus Day (Honduras)
Discovery of America by Columbus-related observances (see also October 8): Día de la Hispanidad or Fiesta Nacional de España, also Armed Forces Day (Spain)
Discovery of America by Columbus-related observances (see also October 8): Día de la Raza (El Salvador, Uruguay)
Discovery of America by Columbus-related observances (see also October 8): Día de la Resistencia Indígena, "Day of Indigenous Resistance" (Venezuela)
Discovery of America by Columbus-related observances (see also October 8): Día de las Américas (Belize)
Discovery of America by Columbus-related observances (see also October 8): Día de las Culturas, "Day of the Cultures" (Costa Rica)
Discovery of America by Columbus-related observances (see also October 8): Día del Respeto a la Diversidad Cultural, "Day of respect for cultural diversity" (Argentina)
Discovery Day (The Bahamas)
Feast for Life of Aleister Crowley, celebrated as "Crowleymas" (Thelema)
Fiesta Nacional de España (Spain)
Hafez Day (Iran) 1
Independence Day (Equatorial Guinea), celebrates the independence of Equatorial Guinea from Spain in 1968.
International Day Against DRM